Foundations: Rise of Agriculture Vocabulary Flashcards
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| 83811558 | Paleolithic Age | The Old Stone Age ending in 12,000 b.c.e.; typified by use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence | 0 | |
| 83811559 | extended families | Consisted of several generations, including the family patriarch's sons and grandsons with their wives and children; typical of Shang China elites | 1 | |
| 83811560 | civilization | Societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses; and existence of non-farming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups. | 2 | |
| 83811561 | city-state | A form of political organization typical of Mesopotamian civilizations; consisted of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban-based king. | 3 | |
| 83811562 | Neolithic Age | The New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 b.c.e.; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished. | 4 | |
| 83811563 | matrilineal | A culture in which young men upon marriage go to live with the brides' families. | 5 | |
| 83811564 | nuclear families | Consisted of husband and wife, their children, and perhaps a grandmother or orphaned cousin; typical of Chinese peasantry. | 6 | |
| 83811565 | Çatal Huyuk | Early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. | 7 | |
| 83811566 | pyramids | Monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs | 8 | |
| 83811568 | patriarchal | Societies in which women defer to men; societies run by men and based on the assumption that men naturally directed political, economic, and cultural life. | 9 | |
| 83811569 | slash-and-burn farmers | A system of cultivation typical of shifting cultivators; forest floors cleared by fire are then planted. | 10 | |
| 83811570 | pastoral nomads | An intermediate form of ecological adaptation dependent on domesticated animal herds that feed on natural environment; typically more populous than shifting cultivation groups. | 11 | |
| 83811571 | pastoralism | A nomadic agricultural life-style based on herding domesticated animals; tended to produce independent people capable of challenging sedentary agricultural societies. | 12 | |
| 83811572 | Neolithic Revolution | The "New Stone Age" between 8,000 & 5,000 BCE; a period in which adaption od sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants & animals accomplished | 13 | |
| 83811573 | Mesolithic Age | Middle Stone Age, 12,000 to 8,000 BCE;marked by advances in the deliberate crafting of stone & bone tools, boats, plus the early domestication of animals | 14 | |
| 83811574 | ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes. | 15 | |
| 83811575 | polytheistic | The worshiping of more than one god. | 16 | |
| 83811576 | Code of Hammurabi | It was King Hammurabi that expanded on the idea of a code of laws by developing an extensive code that dealt with every part of daily life. | 17 | |
| 83811577 | Nebuchadnezzar | Chaldean king that rebuilt Babylon as a showpllace of architecture; he extended his empire throughout the Fertile Crescent. | 18 | |
| 83811578 | cuneiform | Sumerian writing. | 19 | |
| 83811579 | King Menes | United the entire Nile River Valley before the Old Kingdom era in Egypt | 20 | |
| 83811580 | hieroglyphic | Egyptian form of writing consisting of a series of pictures. | 21 | |
| 83811581 | pharaoh | Egyptian ruler. | 22 | |
| 83811582 | Queen Hatshepsut | First female ruler of Egypt during the New Kingdom era. | 23 | |
| 83811583 | Epic of Gilgamesh | The first literary epic in Western civilization; written down c. 2000 b.c.e.; included story of Great Flood. | 24 |