Unit 4 #2 Vocab Flashcards

153093966	Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female	A statement of the rights of women written by Olympe de Gouge in response to the Declaration of the Rights of man	0
153093967	Estates	The divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France	1
153093968	Feminism	The movement to achieve women's rights	2
153093969	Gran Colombia	The temporary union of the northern portion of South America after independence movements led by Simon Bolivar; ended in 1830	3
153093970	Jacobin	Extreme radicals during the French Revolution	4
153093971	Liberalism	An Enlightenment philosophy that favored civil rights, the protection of private property, and representative government	5
153093972	Natural Rights	Rights that belong to every person and that no government may take away	6
153093973	Proletariat	In Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society	7
153093974	Queue	Hair braid worn by Chinese men that was required by the Qing leaders; cutting it off meant execution	8
153093975	Radicalism	Western European political philosophy during the nineteenth century; advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower classes	9
153093976	Reign of Terror	The period of most extreme violence during the French Revolution	10
153093977	Revolutions of 1848	Democratic and nationalistic revolutions, most of them unsuccessful, that swept through Europe	11
153093978	Self-Strengthening Movement	A late nineteenth century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways	12
153093979	Separation of Powers	The division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the government	13
153093980	Seven Years' War	Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in North America, known as the French and Indian War	14
153093981	Social Contract	Enlightenment concept of the agreement made by the people living in a state of nature to give up some of their rights in order for governments to e established	15
153093982	Socialism	Economic and political philosophy based on the idea that the benefits of economic activity should be equitably distributed throughout a society	16
153093983	System of Checks and Balances	Constitutional system in which each branch of government places limits on the power of other branches	17
153093984	Taiping Rebellion	Revolt in southern China against the Qing Empire	18
153093985	Universal Male Suffrage	The right of all males within a given society to vote	19
153093986	Berlin Conference	Meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them	20
153093987	Boers	South Africans of Dutch descent	21
153093988	Boer War	War between the British and Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in a British victory	22
153093989	Duma	The Russian parliament	23
153093990	Economic Imperialism	Control of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation	24
153093991	Great Trek	The emigration of some 12,000 to 14,000 Boers from Cape Colony in South Africa between 1835 and the early 1840s, in rebellion against the policies of the British government and in search of fresh pasturelands. It is regarded by Afrikaners as a central event of their nineteenth century history and the origin of their nationhood	25
153093992	Imperialism	The establishment of colonial empires	26
153093993	Indian National congress	Political party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement	27
153093994	Manifest Destiny	Concept of U.S. territorial expansion westward to the Pacific Ocean that saw the occupation of the rest of the continent as a divine right of the American people. The term was used to justify the U.S. annexation of Oregon, New Mexico, and California and later U.S. involvement in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Philippines	28
153093995	Raj	In many Indian languages, it literally means Prince or Royalty thought it is often used to mean something more like the english term of empire and as such is oftern used in reference to the mughal Raj and the British Raj: the period of direct colonial rule of India by the British Empire	29
153093996	Revolution of 1905	Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 1905	30
153093997	Sepoy Rebellion	Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the muslim and hindu faiths	31
153093998	Sepoys	South Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India	32
153093999	Social Darwinism	The application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society	33
153094000	Spanish-American War	Conflict between the U.S. and Spain that began the rise of the U.S. as a world power. The U.S. gained possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as a result	34