AP World: Chapter 36 Flashcards

160268546	Mikhail Gorbachev	USSR ruler after 1985; renewed attacks on Stalinism; urged reduction in nuclear armament; proclaimed policies of glasnost and perestroika	0
160268547	glasnost	Policy of openness or political liberation in Soviet Union put forward by Mikhail Gorbachev in late 1980s	1
160268548	perestroika	Policy of Mikhail Gorbachev calling for economic restructuring in the USSR in the late 1980s; more leeway for private ownership and decentralized control in industry and agriculture	2
160268549	Boris Yeltsin	Began to move up the ladder of the Communist party in Soviet Union in 1968, becoming First Secretary of the Moscow City Party Committee in 1985; initially a loyal backer of Gorbachev but increasingly criticized him for slow pace of reform; stood up to a coup attempt in 1991 but then managed to displace Gorbachev; as president of the Russian republic, sponsored several subsequent constitutional provisions and weathered battles with opponents in parliament	3
160268550	Persian Gulf War	1991 war led by United States and various European and Middle Eastern allies, against Iraqi occupation of Kuwait. The war led to Iraqi withdrawal and a long confrontation with Iraq about armaments and political regime	4
160268551	North American Free Trade Agreement	Agreement that created an essentially free trade zone among Mexico, Canada, and the United States, in hopes of encouraging economic growth in all three nations; after difficult negotiations, went into effect January 1, 994	5
160268552	globalization	The increasing interconnectedness of all parts of the world, particularly in communication and commerce but also in culture and politics	6
160268553	multinational corporations	Powerful companies, mainly from the West or Pacific Rim, with production as well as distribution operations in many different countries. Multinationals surged in the decades after World War 2	7