AP World: Chapter 23 Flashcards

131021417	American Revolution	Rebellion of English American colonies along Atlantic seaboard between 1775 and 1783; resulted in independence for former British colonies and eventual formation of United States of America	0
131021418	Belgian Revolution	1830; sparked by Paris revolts; Congress of Vienna had united Netherlands and Holland; Belgium became independent state after demand by students and workers	1
131021419	demographic transition	Shift to low birth rate, low infant death rate, stable population; first emerged in western Europe and United States in late 19th century.	2
131021420	French Revolution	Revolution in France between 1789 and 1800; resulted in overthrow of Bourbon monarchy and old regimes; ended with establishment of French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte; source of many liberal movements and constitutions in Europe	3
131021421	Greek Revolution	Rebellion in Greece against the Ottoman Empire in 1820; key step in gradually dismantling the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.	4
131021422	guillotine	Introduced as a method of humane execution; utilized to execute thousands during the most radical phase of the French Revolution known as the Reign of Terror.	5
131021423	Industrial Revolution	Series of changes in economy of Western nations between 1740 and 20th century; stimulated by rapid population growth, increase in agricultural productivity, commercial revolution of 17th century, and development of new means of transportation; in essence involved technological change and the application of machines to the process of production	6
131021424	liberal	Political viewpoint with origins in Western Europe during the 19th century; stressed limited state interference in individual life, representation of propertied people in government; urged importance of constitutional rule and parliaments.	7
131021425	Louis XVI	Bourbon monarch of France who was executed during the radical phase of the French Revolution (1792)	8
131021426	nationalism	a devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation	9
131021427	proto-industrialization	Preliminary shift away from agricultural economy in Europe; workers become full- or part-time producers of textile and metal products, working at home but in a capitalist system in which materials, work orders, and ultimate sales depended on urban merchants; prelude to Industrial Revolution.	10
131021428	radical	Political viewpoint with origins in western Europe during the 19th century; advocated broader voting rights than liberals; in some cases advocated outright democracy; urged reforms in favor of the lower classes	11
131021429	James Watt	Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819)	12