Ap World History Ch. 20 Terms Flashcards

Ap world history chapter 20 terms

47129419	Factories	European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.	0
47129420	El Mina	Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa	1
47129421	Nzinga Mvemba	King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.	2
47129422	Luanda	Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.	3
47129423	Indies Piece	Term utilized within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave	4
47129424	Triangular Trade	Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe.	5
47129425	Royal African Company	Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia.	6
47129426	Asante	Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650.	7
47129427	Osei Tutu	Member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms	8
47129428	Asantehene	Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.	9
47132390	Dahomey	Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.	10
47132391	Fulani	Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto.	11
47132392	Mfecane	Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.	12
47132393	Swazi	New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane.	13
47132394	Lesotho	Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government.	14
47132395	Middle Passage	Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.	15
47132396	Saltwater slaves	Slaves transported from Africa; almost invariably black.	16
47132397	Creole slaves	American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.	17
47132398	Obeah	African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands.	18
47132399	Candomble	African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people.	19
47132400	Vodun	African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.	20
47132401	Palmares	Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan	21
47132402	Suriname	Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerilla resistance.	22
47132403	William Wilberforce	British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807.	23