AP world history ch.12-15 Flashcards

252825525	ministry of rites	administrated examinations to student from chinese gov. schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars	0
252825526	Empress Wu	Tang ruler 690-705ce in china; supported Buddhist establishment, tried to elevate Buddhism to stay in villages until they could repay aristocrats for land	1
252825527	scholar-gentry	(knowledgable gentlemen)chinese class created by the marital approach; based on use of logic to resolve theological probelms	2
252825528	neo-conficianism	revived ancient confucian teachings in Song era china; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside udeas and influences	3
252825529	grand canal	designed to link the original centers of chinese civilizations on north china plain with the yangtze river basin to the south (1200 miles long)	4
252825530	junks	chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders	5
252825531	footbinding	practice in chincese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller	6
252825532	humanism	the focus on the acomplishments of individuals rather than a whole community	7
252825533	Zhenghe	admiral	8
252825534	Khan=Khanate	supreme ruler	9
252825535	tatars	people from hell	10
252825536	kami	nature spirit of japan	11
252825537	hein era	courst culture soared to refinement; aristocratic classes had strict behavior; social classes were everything; gossip was rampant; energy focused on the pursuit of beauty; buildings of unpainted wood; writing verse	12
252825538	fujiwara family	japanese aristocratic family in mid 9th century; exercised exceptional infulence over imperial affairs	13
252825539	samurai	mounted troops of japanese warrior leaders	14
252825540	seppuku	ritual suicide in japan which demonstrated courage anf a means to restore family honor	15
252825541	shoguns	military leaders of the bakufu (military gov. in japan)	16
252825542	daimya	worlord rulers of 300 small stated following civil war and sidruption of Ashikaga Shogunate	17
252825543	japanese feudalism	1. emeror and shoguns 2. daimyo 3.samurai 4.peasants	18
252825544	sinification	extensive adaption of chinese culture in other regions (more typical of kkorea and japan not vietnam)	19
252825545	Nam Viet	Han conqured Nam Viet in 2nd century BCE; derived of benefits (technology, political organization, and chinas ideas); 1st appeared in hisory as "soutner barbains"	20
252825546	when does feudalism end	around 1868ce	21
252825547	Why did feudalism happen in europe?	-germanic tribes needing protection -church-state -inexpensive	22
252825548	heirarches	rank of importance	23
252825549	vassal	landlord	24
252825550	fief	land grant	25
252825551	when does japan get guns?	1543	26
252825552	bushido	oath	27
252825553	chivalry	contract	28
252825554	in the early tang dynasty, buddhism	had gained extreme favor among many chinese people with widespread conversions, monetary support and gov. acknowledgement	29
252825555	the Sui dynasty occured as a result of	increased focus on luxury and materialsim coupled with incompetent military leadership	30
252825556	concerning expansion, the Tang	established connections with far off regions through vassals kingdoms, armies of conquest and hoped that these groups would become assimilated into chinese culture	31
252825557	the Tang system of civil service examination	allowed for commoners to gain positions due to merit on the exam, but usually the position within the central administration were reserved for old aristocracy	32
252825558	whem compared to the Tang dynasy, the Song	faced a very bloated bureaucracy due to relaxed restrictions in the exam system	33
252825559	the role of palace intrigue played a part in the decline of the Tang in that	roayl concubinage led to economic distress and the failed An LuShan Rebellion which weakened the Tang's control	34
252825560	The 646 Taika Reforms attempted to change japanese culture in that	the chinese model of confucian influenced gov., military, and imperial dominance was the focus of the reforms	35
252825561	vietnamese sinification efforts contrased with those of Korea in that	the vietnamese had vast cultural distinctions that existed before sinification making it increasingly difficult for the Chinese to influence them, unlike the Koreans	36
252825562	the bakufu	literally means military gov which granted real power to the shogun and cemented japanese dependency on feudalism	37
252825563	during the Heian era in japanese history, literature	flourished due to the ultacivilized atmosphere of the society, in which written language was simplified to create an easier transition to japanese	38
252825564	women in japan's merchant and artisan families	could share in numerous community activities like men such as guilds and the inheritance of businesses	39
252825565	after chinggis Khan's death, how was his empire administered?	it was divided into four regional khanates, ruleed hy his sons and grandson	40
252825566	which of the khanates conquered Russia?	Golden HOrde	41
252825567	under Mongol rule, Moscow became important because	it became the center of Mongol tribute payments	42
252825568	the mongol conquest of Russia	forced the Russian peasentry into serfdom due to heavy tax burdens	43
252825569	which of the following was the most significant impact of the period of the Mongold rule on Russia?	the period of MOngol rule reinforced the isolation of RUssiafrom western Europe	44
252825570	in addition to the destruction of the Abbasid capital at Baghdad and the weakening of the Muslim military strenght, how did the mongols impact the islamic heartland?	they destryoed Muslim cities from central Asia to the shores of the Mediterranean which devastated trade, culture and education	45
252825571	what was the status of Mongolian women during the Yuan dynasty of China?	mongol women remained relatively independent, refused to adopt the practice of foot-binding, and retained their rights in property	46