Chapter 12 Flashcards

42341838	Taika reforms	attempt to remake Japanese monarch into an absolute Chinese-style emperor; included attempts to create professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army.	0
42341839	Heian	built by emperor Kammu, new capital; became known as Kyoto; remodled to look like Chang'an.	1
42341840	Tale of Genji	story of Prince Genji and his lovers, written by Lady Murasaki Shikibu at end of 11th century, world's first full novel.	2
42341841	Fujiwara	Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power.	3
42341842	Bushi	regional warrior leaders in Japan; ruled small kingdoms from fortresses; administered the law, supervised public works projects, and collected revenues; built up private armies.	4
42341843	Samurai	a Japanese warrior class which was a member of the feudal military aristocracy.	5
42341844	Bakufu	Military government established by the Minamoto following the Gempei Wars; centered at Kamakura; retained emperor, but real power resided in military government and samurai.	6
42341845	Shoguns	Military leaders of the bakufu; served for 700 years (military government in 12th-century Japan).	7
42341846	Ashikaga Takuaji	Member of the Minamota family; overthrew the Kamakuro regime and established the Ashikaga Shogunate from 1336-1573; drove emperor from Kyoto to Yoshino.	8
42341847	Onin War	war between rival heirs of Ashikaga Shogunate; fought between 1467 and 1477; led to warfare between rival headquarters and Kyoto and destruction of old capital.	9
42341848	daimyo	a Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai.	10
42341849	sepukku	ritual suicide or disembowelment in Japan; commonly known in West as hara-kiri; demonstrated courage and a means to restore family honor.	11
42341850	Gumpei Wars	wages for 5 years from 1180 on Honshu between the Taira and Minamoto families; ended in destruction of Taira.	12