AP World Unit 1 Test Flashcards
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246979324 | Hunter-Gatherers | Members of nomadic groups. Small populations. Gender equality | 0 | |
246979325 | Paleolithic | A hunter-gatherer way of life. lasted until 10,000 BCE | 1 | |
246979326 | Agricultural Revolution | The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. The domestication of plants and animals. Started in 8,000 BCE | 2 | |
246979327 | Diffusion | The spread of ideas or practices | 3 | |
246979328 | Fertile Crescent | A crescent shaped region in the Middle East. Syrian Desert-Euphrates river Nile valley-Tigris | 4 | |
246979329 | Mesopotamia | a civilization (400 BCE) that developed urban culture, used irrigation, and had palaces. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates river | 5 | |
246979330 | Pastoral Society | Societies that are based around domesticated animals. Nomadic, usually move after they exhausted all animal resources. | 6 | |
246979331 | cuneiform | Sumerian writing using wedged-shaped symbols | 7 | |
246979332 | Hebrews | A religious, nomadic group of people who migrated from Mesopotamia to Palestine and Egypt. | 8 | |
246979333 | Indus Valley | Civilization that generated no palaces, temples, elaborate graves, kings or warriors classes. Series of small republics ruled by priests and had an early form of a caste system | 9 | |
246979334 | Mandate of Heaven | A Chinese political ideology that states the ruler of China and royal authority is the result of divine approval` | 10 | |
246979335 | Nubia | Early African civilization. Remained separate from Egypt after it was unified | 11 | |
246979336 | Olmec Civilization | The last of the First Civilizations. Developed the first written language in the Americas | 12 | |
246979337 | Phoenicians | A member of ancient Semitic people of northwest Syria. Prospered from trade and manufacturing | 13 | |
246979338 | Shang Dynasty | Imperial dynasty ruled China from 18th to the 12th century BCE | 14 | |
246979339 | Alexander the Great | Conquered Persian Empire, King of Macedonia, unified Greece. | 15 | |
246979340 | Aryans | Considered the top of the three classes of the Varna Caste | 16 | |
246979341 | Asoka | Indian emperor (269-232 BCE), established Buddhism as the state religion. The emperor of the Mauryan Empire | 17 | |
246983613 | Athenian Democracy | Direct, rather than representative democracy | 18 | |
246983614 | Caesar Augustus | First emperor of Rome after republic collaspes (1st century BCE) | 19 | |
246983615 | Greco-Persian Wars | Took place (492-449 BCE). Greek empire won the war | 20 | |
247058233 | Gupta Empire | Invasions from the White Huns. Collasped in 550 CE. No money so they can't defend themselves from the White Huns | 21 | |
247058234 | Han Dynasty | 2nd imperial dynasty in China. Collapsed from excessive size, lack of resources, taxes and peasant rebellion | 22 | |
247058235 | Hellenistic Era | The era where Greek culture was spread through Alexander the Great started in 323 BCE | 23 | |
247058236 | Herodotus | Greek historian that stated the the Persian empire was quick to adopt new customs and ideas to get supporters | 24 | |
247058237 | Hoplite | a heavily armed foot soldier of ancient Greece | 25 | |
247058238 | Mauryan Empire | An empire with an impressive political structure India. (326-184 BCE) | 26 | |
247058239 | Patricians | A group of elite families in ancient Rome, both natural and adopted members | 27 | |
247058240 | Pax Romana | The era of imperial Rome's greatest extent and authority providing security and prosperity to the empire (1st 2 centuries CE) | 28 | |
247058241 | Peloponnesian War | Conflict started when Athens tried to solidify its dominant position among the allies, led a civil war between them and Sparta | 29 | |
247058242 | Persian Empire | (550-330 BCE) Rose under Cyrus. Conquested Egypt, spanned over Asia, Africa and Europe, and present middle day Middle-East. Collapsed due to internal problems, war and economic turmoil | 30 | |
247058243 | Plebeians | Poorer class of the Roman Civilization. Political change allowed new opportunities for them | 31 | |
247058244 | Punic Wars | Series of wars between Rome and surrounding civilizations. (264-146 BCE) | 32 | |
247058245 | Qin Dynasty | Ruled by Shihuangdi (226-206 BCE). Reunified China with innovation and Legalism | 33 | |
247058246 | Wudi | Emperor of the Han Dynasty from 141-86 CE. Unified China in terms of ideology (Confucianism). | 34 | |
247058247 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | A rebellion in 184 CE because of the suppression of Daoism | 35 | |
247058248 | Ban Zhao | Created a book about womens rights/roles in society (patriarchal society) | 36 | |
247058249 | Bhagavad Gita | The most beloved Hindu text | 37 | |
247058250 | Brahmins | Priests whose rituals and sacrifices alone could ensure the proper function of the world. At the top of the Varna caste system | 38 | |
247058251 | Buddhism | Religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Buddha | 39 | |
247058252 | Confucianism | A way of life taught by Confucius in the 6th-5th century BCE | 40 | |
247058253 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome that adopted Christianity as the state's official religion | 41 | |
247058254 | Daoism | Developed in the 6th-3rd century BCE by Laozi Zhuangzi in China. Hippie life | 42 | |
247058255 | Filial Piety | A virtue associated with Confucianism: to have respect for one's parents and ancestors | 43 | |
247058256 | Greek Rationalism | Founded by Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. 6th-3rd century BCE, persistent questioning, and logical thinking | 44 | |
247058257 | Hinduism | An Indian religion based off of the Vedas and the Upanishads. Rebirth, Nirvana, Brahman, Karma | 45 | |
247058258 | Hippocrates | A Greek philosopher/scientist/doctor. He traced the origin of epilespy | 46 | |
247058259 | Jesus | Central figure of Christianity | 47 | |
247058260 | Judaism | Monotheistic religion that belied Yahweh would bring them prosperity and blessings. The basis for Christianity, and Islam | 48 | |
247058261 | Karma | Hindu and Buddhist everything that occurs is because of past events | 49 | |
247058262 | Laozi | "father" of Daoism, a 6th century archivist | 50 | |
247058263 | Legalism | A belief system created in China in 221-206 BCE. A person will be rewarded if they follow the strict laws or harshly punished if they did not | 51 | |
247058264 | Moksha | Hinduism ideology, the ultimate spiritual goal that includes freedom from endless cycle of transmigration. | 52 | |
247058265 | Nirvana | Final release from the cycle of reincarnation attained by extinction of all desires and individual existence. (Buddhism/Hinduism) | 53 | |
247058266 | Plato | A classical Greek philosopher, student of Socrates, founder of the Academy of Athens | 54 | |
247058267 | Pythagoras | Greek philosopher who believed that beneath the chaos and complexity of the visible world lay a simple unchanging mathematical order | 55 | |
247058268 | Saint Paul | Saint who transformed Christianity from a small Jewish sect to a world religion. Missionary to the eastern Roman empire. | 56 | |
247058269 | Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) | Founder of Buddhist teachings | 57 | |
247058270 | Socrates | An Athenian philosopher, who questioned logic and other people's thinking. | 58 | |
247058271 | Theodosius | Emperor of Rome who banned all polytheistic ritual sacrifices and ordered that their temples be closed | 59 | |
247058272 | Upanishads | A series of religious writings that expressed the classical philosophy of Hinduism | 60 | |
247058273 | Vedas | The primary text of Hinduism | 61 | |
247058274 | Warring States Period | Endless rivalries between seven kingdoms in China from 500-210 BCE. Stopped when Qin dynasty reunified China | 62 | |
247058275 | Ying and Yang | Within Daoism, a symbol based on the principles of negativity and positivity whose interaction was believed to influence all creatures and things | 63 | |
247058276 | Zoraostrianism | First monotheistic religion based off of Persian polytheistic religions. | 64 | |
247058277 | Varna Caste System | 1.Brahmin-priests 2.Ksatriya-warriors and rulers charged with protecting and governing society 3.Vaisya-commoners who cultivated the land 4.Sudras-natives/slaves 5.Untouchables-people who did dirty work | 65 | |
247062161 | Scholar-Gentry Class | Class of men in ancient China, during the Han dynasty, who were educated degree-holders and who would enjoy special privileges of dress, law and social position | 66 | |
247062162 | Wang Mang | The last ruler before the fall of the Han Empire. Tries to create new currency, gives land to everyone, expand empire, starts a draft, taxes in order to pay for military | 67 | |
247077232 | Wu Empress | The only woman to ever rule China with the title emperor | 68 | |
247077233 | Axum | African tribe. Economy was mainly based from agriculture. Plow based agriculture. Collapsed durin 4th and 6th century CE | 69 | |
247077234 | Bantu | An extensive group of native peoples of central and southern Africa; group of languages spoken by these people. | 70 | |
247077235 | Bantu Migration | Steady Movement all over Africa spreading their ideas, language and culture | 71 | |
247077236 | Cahokia | City that was settled in 600 CE in Central America that had a vast space filled with elaborate mounds. | 72 | |
247077237 | Coptic Christianity | Christian civilization using Greek as a liturgical language and who constructed churches in a Coptic or Byzantine fashion | 73 | |
247077238 | Maya | A Mesoamerican civilization whose highest point was during 250 CE to 900 CE. Developed a calendar hieroglyphic writing, and mathematical discoveries | 74 | |
247077239 | Meroe | The Nubian center from 300 BCE- 100 CE governed by a monarch. Iron was main industry, agriculture was rainfall based | 75 | |
247077240 | Moche | 100-800 BCE, agricultural based on irrigation system, ruled by warrior priests, ecological disruption in the 700's undermined the civilization | 76 | |
247077241 | Niger Valley Civilization | Civilizations built up along the Niger River in the Niger Valley. Had economically specialized settlements surrounding a larger central town | 77 | |
247077242 | Pueblo | People in the southwest region of North America who lived in put houses and farmed maize and later beans and squash. | 78 | |
247077243 | Teotihuacan | Started around 150 BCE, in the valley of mexico as one of the six largest urban societies of the time. Collapsed around 650 CE | 79 |