Governments Flashcards
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| 25595308 | Sovereignty | Possessing a monopoly over the instruments of justice. | 0 | |
| 25595309 | Fronde (1648-53) | Brutal civil wars that struck France during the reign of Louis XIII. | 1 | |
| 25595310 | Louis XIV | "Sun King" -had the longest reign in European history. Helped France to reach its peak of absolutist power. | 2 | |
| 25595311 | Mercantilism | The philosophy that a state's strength depends upon it wealth. | 3 | |
| 25595312 | Constitutionalism | Limitation of government by law, developed in times of absolutism. May or may not be written. | 4 | |
| 25595313 | Petition of Rights (1628) | Initiated by Sir Edward Coke, it limited the power of Charles I of England: could not declare martial law; could not collect taxes; could not imprison people without cause; soldiers could not be housed without consent. | 5 | |
| 25595314 | Leviathan (1651) | Written by English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, maintained that sovereignty is ultimately derived from the people, who transfer it to the Q monarchy by implicit contract. Claimed only absolutism could save society from constant war in which life was "solitary, poor, brutish, and short." | 6 | |
| 25595315 | The Restoration (1660) | Restored the English monarchy to Charles II, both Houses of Parliament were restored, established Anglican Church, courts of law and local government. | 7 | |
| 25595316 | Bill of Rights (1689) | Stated no law could be suspended by the king; no taxes raised; no army maintained except by parliamentary consent. Established after The Glorious Revolution. | 8 | |
| 25595317 | Junkers | Members of the Prussian landed aristocracy, a class formerly associated with political reaction and militarism. | 9 | |
| 25595318 | Streltsi | A large number of soldiers in Moscow who were primarily the palace guards. | 10 | |
| 25595319 | Romanovs (1613-1917) | Russian royal family, started with Michael Romanov (1613) and lasted until 1917. | 11 | |
| 25595320 | Boyars | Land owning aristocracy in early Russia. | 12 | |
| 25595321 | Dvorianie | Established by Peter the Great in Russia, they received land and control of the peasants. | 13 | |
| 25595322 | Muscovy | A former principality in west-central Russia. Centered on Moscow, it was founded c. 1280 and existed as a separate entity until the 16th century, when it was united with another principality to form the nucleus of the early Russian empire. The name was then used for the expanded territory. | 14 | |
| 25595323 | Hohenzollern | German royal family who ruled Brandenburg from 1415 and later extended their control to Prussia (1525). Under Frederick I (r. 1701-1713) the family's possessions were unified as the kingdom of Prussia. | 15 |