AP World History Flashcards Flashcards
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| 62660189 | Johannes Gutenberg | In the year 1439, this German man put in a line, letters that made words that could be covered in ink, then pressed down to make a clink, This was a triumph for the world around, The printing press made new books, ready to bound | 0 | |
| 62660190 | Henry the Navigator | A Portuguese prince in early 15th century, who sent out explorers so they could see, the West African coast and make some maps, they explorers he sent returned positive results, and much more information was learned about the world. | 1 | |
| 62660191 | Bartolomeu Dias | A Portuguese explorer in 1488, explored the Cape of Good hope which at the time was great. | 2 | |
| 62660192 | Vasco De Gama | To find a way to India in 1498, a Portuguese explorer needed a route to sell freight, they got to India, and went to these cities Malindi and Calicut, The Portuguese goal was done, of the nations to trade with India, they would be the first one. | 3 | |
| 62660193 | Christopher Columbus | In the year of 1492, this explorer sailed the ocean blue. | 4 | |
| 62660194 | Amerigo Vespucci | This Italian explorer received great fame, because the Continents of America bear his name. | 5 | |
| 62660195 | Vasco de Balboa | First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains. | 6 | |
| 62660196 | Ferdinand Magellan | Across the globe, he was the first one to sail, but when he got to the Philippines their fighting was full-scale. A few of his men finally returned back to Spain, but at the battle of Mactan, he had been slain | 7 | |
| 62660197 | James Cook | He went to Australia and mapped it out, then discovered Antarctica, which he originally had doubt, but the North-West Passage that did not exist, he couldn't cross off his checklist. | 8 | |
| 62660198 | Joseph Banks | He was with Captain Cook on the journey to Australia, He found many species, but as a botanist, he documented flora. | 9 | |
| 62660200 | Captitalism | A system of economy, that uses supply and demand, private corporations can own, and sell across the land | 10 | |
| 62660201 | Mercanlitism | One of many economic policies, in the 16-18th centuries, Tariffs were made, to slow foreign trade, but they still had many colonies. | 11 | |
| 62660202 | Henan Cortes | A Spanish conquistador, an expedition he led, Because of him, the Aztecs lay dead. | 12 | |
| 62660203 | Francisco Pizarro | Before this man came, the Inca's weren't slain. After he left, they were controlled by Spain. | 13 | |
| 62660204 | Atahualpa | Inca ruler who was tricked into a conference by Francisco Pizarro, tried to ransom himself with a hoard of gold, and was executed by garroting. The Spaniards then fought their way to Cuzco and conquered his Empire | 14 | |
| 62660205 | Encomienda system | It gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to make them work. In exchange, these settlers were supposed to protect the Native American people and convert them to Christianity | 15 | |
| 62660206 | repartimiento system | replaced the encomienda with the New Laws which mandated the repartimiento system. the Spaniards were forbidden to require labor or tribute from individual Indians, but were allowed to demand group services of entire Indian villages whose leaders determined individual work assignments. | 16 | |
| 62660207 | Charles V | Holy Roman Emperor and Carlos I of Spain, tried to keep Europe religiously united, inherited Spain, the Netherlands, Southern Italy, Austria, and much of the Holy Roman Emperor from his grandparents, he sought to stop Protestantism and increase the power of Catholicism. He allied with the pope to stamp out heresy and maintain religous unity in Europe. He was preocuppied with struggles with Turkey and France and could not soley focus on the rise of Protestantism in Germany. | 17 | |
| 62660208 | Phillip II | One of Charles V's sons. He inherited from Charles V Spain, the low countries, Milan, the kingdom of Sicily, and the Spanish possessions of America. He was a powerful ruler of Spain and was very Catholic. | 18 | |
| 62660209 | Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. | 19 | |
| 62660210 | indulgences | Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was common practice when the church needed to raise money. The practice led to the Reformation. | 20 | |
| 62660211 | 95 theses | formal statements written by Martin Luther attacking the "pardon-merchants". On October 31, 1517 Luther posted these statements on the door of a castle church in Wittenberg and invited other scholars to debate them. This began the Reformation. | 21 | |
| 62660212 | John Calvin | Swiss theologian (born in France) whose tenets (predestination and the irresistibility of grace and justification by faith) defined Presbyterianism (1509-1564) | 22 | |
| 62660213 | Angelican | relating to the church of England | 23 | |
| 62660214 | Council of Trent | Called by Pope Paul III to reform the church and secure reconciliation with the Protestants. Lutherans and Calvinists did not attend. | 24 | |
| 62660215 | Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. | 25 | |
| 62660216 | Ignatius Loyola | Founded the Society of Jesus, resisted the spread of Protestantism, wrote Spiritual Exercises. | 26 | |
| 62660217 | Elizabeth I | This queen of England chose a religion between the Puritans and Catholics and required her subjects to attend church or face a fine. She also required uniformity and conformity to the Church of England | 27 | |
| 62660218 | Spanish Armada | the Spanish fleet that attempted to invade England, ending in disaster, due to the raging storm in the English Channel as well as the smaller and better English navy led by Francis Drake. This is viewed as the decline of Spain's Golden Age, and the rise of England as a world naval power. | 28 | |
| 62660219 | Dutch East India Company | Government-chartered joint-stock company that controlled the spice trade in the East Indies until the british came and took over | 29 | |
| 62660220 | Louis XVI | King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793. | 30 | |
| 62660221 | nation-state | A country who's population share a common identity. | 31 | |
| 62660222 | serfdom | feudal system, the use of serfs to work the land in return for protection against barbarian invasions | 32 | |
| 62660223 | Peter the Great | (1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg. | 33 | |
| 62660224 | Catherine the Great | ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, added new lands to Russia, encouraged science, art, lierature, Russia became one of Europe's most powerful nations | 34 | |
| 62660225 | Ottoman Empire | Centered in Constantinople, the Turkish imperial state that conquered large amounts of land in the Middle East, North Africa, and the Balkans, and fell after World War I. | 35 | |
| 62660226 | Mughal Empire | Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. | 36 | |
| 62660227 | Matteo Ricci | An Italian Jesuit who by his knowledge of Astronomy and science was accepted as a missionary of China | 37 | |
| 62660228 | Shogun | in japanese feudal society, supreme military commander who held more power than the emperor | 38 | |
| 62660229 | samurai | in medieval Japan, a class of professional soldiers who lived by a strict code of personal honor and loyalty to a noble. | 39 | |
| 62660231 | demography | Gender, Age, race, or nation. This is what they are when you describe a region. | 40 | |
| 62660232 | Columbian Exchange | When the old world came, together with the new, deseases were spread, and food was too. | 41 | |
| 62660233 | intentured labor | To work for 7 years to get on a ship, that travels to America, once they get there, they may likely skip. | 42 | |
| 62660234 | Aborigenies | The natives of Australia is what they are, they were peaceful until the British went too far. | 43 | |
| 62660235 | Maori | Polynesian people who settled in New Zealand around AD 800 .they farmed hunted and fished. | 44 | |
| 62660236 | gazis | Ottoman warriors - given land, Timar, returned to Sultan after death--loyal only to Sultan User-contributed | 45 | |
| 62660237 | sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 46 | |
| 62660238 | janissaries | Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkans, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence, particularly after 15th century. | 47 | |
| 62660239 | Mehmed II | Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire. | 48 | |
| 62660240 | Suleiman I | ruled during the pinnacle of Turkish power and almost succeeded in driving into the heart of the Christian Empire | 49 | |
| 62660241 | Akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. | 50 | |
| 62660242 | syncretism | The blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait. | 51 | |
| 62660243 | Safavid | The shi'ite muslim dynasty that ruled in persia between the 16th and 18th centuries | 52 | |
| 62660244 | Shah Isma'il | founded the Safavids, Shiite faith, caused rebellion among the Ottomans | 53 | |
| 62660245 | Shah Abbas | Also known as Abbas the Great, took the throne in 1587 and helped create the Safavid culture | 54 | |
| 62660246 | Ming Dynasty | A major dynasty that ruled China from the mid-fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth century. It was marked by a great expansion of Chinese commerce into East Africa, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia | 55 | |
| 62660247 | Qing Dynasty | the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty China was ruled by the Manchu | 56 | |
| 62660249 | divine rights of kings | In order to be king, you don't need many things; just the approval of God, and your family's royal rod. | 57 | |
| 62660250 | creole | I am one of the elite, the mestizos can't compete, both of my parents are from Spain, and the natives always complain | 58 | |
| 62660251 | mestizo | One of my parents is quite; as for the other, not quite. | 59 | |
| 62660252 | Thomas Hobbes | I'm a man of philosophy, the book I wrote made history. I said the king's commands should follow the people's demands. | 60 | |
| 62660253 | John Locke | I also wrote about law, due the problems with government I saw. Social contract is a must, without common consent, it isn't just. | 61 | |
| 62660254 | Social Contract | Early people were led, by something unwritten, unsaid. As a mythical deal, this social social contract isn't real. | 62 | |
| 62660255 | Nicholas Copernicus | After I looked to the skies, the Pope claimed I said lies, because my data showed the sun was truly the center one. | 63 | |
| 62660257 | Johannes Kepler | I worked with the theory that Copernicus saw, and after a while I found a little flaw. The planets went around the sun, but their orbits were elliptical ones. | 64 | |
| 62660258 | Galileo Galilei | This scientist made the church mad, when he showed his heliocentric model, They still weren't glad. | 65 | |
| 62660259 | Isaac Newton | English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal gravitation, a theory about the nature of light, and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation, presented in Principia Mathematica (1687), was supposedly inspired by the sight of a falling apple. | 66 |