AP World History ch. 25 Flashcards

126858516	Toussaint L'Ouverture	leader of slave rebellion on the French sugar island of St. Domingue in 1791; led to creation of independent republic of Haiti in 1804	0
126858517	Ferdinand VII	deposed Spanish king in 1810 (deposed by Napoleon's brother); still had juntas set up in his name	1
126858518	juntas	ruling committee in Spanish colonies	2
126858519	Intendency System	Spain sent penninsulares to re-establish control in the colonies	3
126858520	Father Miguel de Hidalgo	Mexican priest who established independence movement among American Indians and mestizos in 1810; despite early victories, was captured and executed	4
126858521	Father Morelos	1815; Mestizo independence leader of Mexico who wanted to abolish slavery and institue land reform; was captured and executed	5
126858522	Augustin de Iturbide	Conservative Creole officer in Mexican army who signed agreement with insurgent forces of independence; combined forces entered Mexico City in 1821; later proclaimed emperor of Mexico until its collapse in 1824	6
126858523	Simon Bolivar	Creole military officer in northern South America; won series of victories in in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador between 1817 and 1822; military success led to creation of independent state of Gran Colombia	7
126858524	Jose de San Martin	Leader of independence movement in Rio de la Plata; led to independence of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata by 1816; later led independence movement in Chile and Peru as well	8
126858525	Dom Pedro I	aided in the declaration of Brazilian independence from Portugal in 1822; became constitutional emperor of Brazil	9
126858526	Gran Colombia	idea of a united South America; failed due to regional differences	10
126858527	United Provinces of La Plata	the united state created by Jose de San Martin, depite the fact that the provinces were far from united	11
126858528	Federalist	supported strong local governments	12
126858529	Centralist	supported strong central governments	13
126858530	Monroe Doctrine	American declaration stated in 1823; established that any attempt of a European country to colonize in the Americans would be considered a unfriendly act by the United States; supported by Great Britain as a means if opening Latin American trade	14
126858531	Auguste Comte	French philosopher (19th century); founder of positivism, a philosophy that stressed observation and scientific approaches to the problems of society	15
126858532	Santa Anna	seized power in Mexico after collapse of empire of Mexico in 1824; tried to tighten controls on Mexican territories; defeated by the United States in Mexican-American War in 1848; unseated by liberal rebellion in 1854	16
126858533	Treaty of Guadalupe- Hidalgo	1854; treaty that ended the Mexican-American War; U.S. accquired half of Mexican territory	17
126858534	La Reforma	1854; liberal revolt led by Benito Juarez against Santa Anna in Mexico	18
126858535	Benito Juarez	leader of of liberal rebellion against Santa Anna; liberal government defeated by French intervention under Napoleon and establishment of Mexican Empire under Maximillion; restored to power in 1867 until his death in 1872	19
126858536	Manuel de Rosas	leader who united the province of Argentina under federalism; favoured the ranchers; as economy increased, profits weren't shared with the rest of the province; overthrown in 1852	20
126858537	Alberdi	leader who formed a strong centralist state in Argentina; encouraged immigration	21
126858538	Sarmiento	leader who brought many political and social reforms to Argentina	22
126858539	Pedro II	1840: Enlightened ruler in Brazil with middle calss values; economic growth	23
126858540	Conselheiro	religious mystic who gained followers in the 1890s	24
126858541	NeoClassicism	based on Greek and Roman styles; nationalism	25
126858542	Romanticism	emontion and passion; Native Americans, slavery, etc.	26
126858543	Realism	Presented things as they really existed	27
126858544	Panama Canal	an aspect of American intervention in Latin America; resulted from United States support for a Panamanian independence movement in return for a grant to exclusive rights to a canal across the Panama isthmus; provided short route between Atlantic and Pacific oceans; completed in 1914	28
126858545	Spanish American War	War fought between Spain and the United States beginning in 1898; centered on Cuba and Puerto Rico; permitted American intervention in Caribbean, annextion of Puerto Rico and the Philippines	29
126858546	Caudillos	military leaders who dominated local areas with small armies	30