AP WORLD HISTORY ch 2 Flashcards

220903335	Daosim	a belief system that, according to Chinese tradition, was founded by Laozi. It stresses harmony with nature and is not concerned with maintaining social order.(Philosophy associated with Laozi and it stressed need for alignment with comic force-Dao)	0
220903336	Legalism	the idea that powerful and efficient government is key to restoring order; practical/political reach onto Confucianism	1
220903337	Confucianism	an ethical system that sought to establish norms for all aspects of Chinese life	2
220903338	Shi Huangdi	founder of the Qin Dynasty. wanted to unify/expand China and restore order(he was etremely paranoid and had a strong desire to control everything)	3
220903339	WuTi	most famous emperor(Han Dynasty) 140-87 BCE -brought peace to most of Asia and expanded territory	4
220903340	The Vedic Age	the formative period where the aryan (Indo-Europeans) migrants gradually came to terms with agriculture but also had their own impact on the culture and social structure of their new home	5
220903341	The Vedas	Aryan sacred books written in Sanskrit	6
220903342	Indo-Europeans	Nomadic Pastoralists (landholders) who replaced Harappan civilization; militarized society	7
220903343	Twelve Tables	the ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law	8
220903344	Chandragupta Maurya	founder of Maurya dynasty; established first empire in Indian subcontinent; first centralized government since Harappan Civilization	9
220903345	Ashoka	grandson of Chandragupta; completed conquests of Indian subcontinent, converted to Buddhism and sponsored spread of new religion throughout his empire	10
220958698	Minoans/Mycenaeans	foundations of Greece	11
220958699	Alexander the great	successor of Philip II; successfully conquered Persian Empire prior to his death in 323 BCE; attempted to combine Greek/Persian cultures	12
220958700	Monsoons	seasonal winds crossing Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia; during summer brings rain	13
220958701	Socrates	Anthenian philosopher of later fifth century BCE, tutor of Plato; urged rational reflection of Moral decision, condemned to death for corrupting minds of Anthenian young STUDIED HUMAN NATURE	14
220958702	Plato	Greek Philosopher; knowledge based on consideration of ideal forms outside the material world; proposed ideal form of government based upon abstract principles in which philosophers ruled	15
220958703	Aristotle	Greek Philosopher; teacher of Alexander the Great; knowledge based upon observation of phenomena in material world	16
220958704	Polis	City-state form of government, typical Greek political organization from 800-400 BCE	17
220958705	Monarchy	a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch (supreme power held by a single person)	18
220958706	Punic Wars	fought between Rome/Carthage to establish dominance in the western Mediterranean; won by Rome after three separate conflicts	19
220958707	oligarchy	a form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class/clique (governed by a few)	20
220958708	Aristocracies	government or states that are ruled by an aristocracy, elite, or privileged upper class	21
220958709	Tyranny (Tyrants)	the government or rule of a tyrant or absolute ruler	22
220958710	Democracy	a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral state	23
220958711	Peloponnesian Wars	wars from 431 to 404 BCE between Athens/Spartans for dominance in southern Greece; resulted in Spartan victory but failure to achieve political unification of Greece	24
220958712	Cyrus the Great	established massive Persian Empire by 550 BCE; successor or state to Mesopotamian Empires FOUNDER OF PERSIAN EMPIRE	25
220958713	Xerxes	Persian King whose goal was to conquer the Greeks but was tricked and his army was destroyed CONTINUED WARS AND LOOSES. AFTER THAT, EMPIRE STARTED DECLINING	26
220958714	Diocletian	Roman emperor from 284 to 305 CE; later restored empire by improved administration and tax collection *dives empire into West and East	27
220958715	Hellenism	culture derived from the Greek civilization that flourished between 800 and 400 BCE (culture mixed with India and Persia	28
220958716	Pac Romana	The terms of peace imposed by ancient Rome on its dominations	29
220958717	Plebians	a member of the ancient Rome community-poor	30
220958718	Patricians	a person of noble/high rank in the Roman classes-rich	31
220958719	Delian League	Greek city-states that form after war with Persia; reason for it was to prevent further wars with outside but lots of fighting within lead to Peloponnesian wars	32
220958720	Satraps	governor of a province under the ancient Persian Monarchy/Military/Bureaucracy	33
220958721	Darius I	King of Persia	34
220958722	Etruscans	came to Italy about 800 BCE; established a series of small city states that ruled the Native People	35