AP World History Chapter 1 Flashcards
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| 153253935 | Paleolithic Age | The Old Stone Age ending in 12,000 BCE; typified by use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence. | 0 | |
| 153253936 | Homo Sapiens | The humanoid species that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period | 1 | |
| 153253937 | Neolithic Age | The New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 B.C.E.; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished. | 2 | |
| 153253938 | Neolithic Revolution | The succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture | 3 | |
| 153253939 | Bronze Age | From about 4,000 BCE, when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East, to about 1,500 BCE, when iron began to replace it. | 4 | |
| 153253940 | Slash and Burn Agriculture | A system of cultivation typical of shifting cultivators; forest floors cleared by fire are then planted | 5 | |
| 153253941 | Bands | A level of social organization normally consisting of 20 to 30 people; nomadic hunters and gatherers; labor divided on a gender basis. | 6 | |
| 153253942 | Catal Huyuk | Early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. | 7 | |
| 153253943 | Civilization | Societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of nonfarming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups. | 8 | |
| 153253944 | Cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets | 9 | |
| 153253945 | Nomads | Cattle- and sheep-herding societies normally found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred to as "barbarian" by civilized societies. | 10 | |
| 153253946 | Mesopotamia | Litterally "Land between the rivers"; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates river valley | 11 | |
| 153253947 | Sumerians | People who migrated into Mesopotamia c. 4000 B.C.E.; created the first civilization within region; organized area into city-states. | 12 | |
| 153253948 | Ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes. | 13 | |
| 153253949 | City-States | A form of Mesopotamian political organizations consisting of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban based kings | 14 | |
| 153253950 | Babylonian Empire | Unified all of Mesopotamia c. 1800 B.C.E.; collapsed due to foreign invasion c. 1600 B.C.E. | 15 | |
| 153253951 | Hammurabi | The most important ruler of the Babylonian Empire; responsible for the codification of law. | 16 | |
| 153253953 | Pyramids | Monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs | 17 | |
| 153253954 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 1000 B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries. | 18 | |
| 153253955 | Indus River Valley | River sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of Harappam civilization. | 19 | |
| 153253956 | Harappa | Along with Mohenjo-Daro, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 20 | |
| 153253957 | Mohenjo Daro | Along with Harappa, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 21 | |
| 153253959 | Ideographs | Pictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts; typical of Chinese writing | 22 | |
| 153253960 | Shang | First Chinese dynasty for which archeological evidence exists; capital located in Ordos bulge of the Huanghe ; flourished 1600-1046 B.C.E. | 23 | |
| 153253961 | Phoencians | Seafaring Civilization located on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean; Established coloniies throughout the Mediterranean | 24 | |
| 153253962 | Monotheism | The exclusive worship of a single god; introduced by the Jews into Western civilization | 25 |