WHAP Chapter 1 Test Flashcards

203544661	big geography	global nature of world history	0
203544662	paleolithic	development of stone tools	1
203544663	neolithic	development of human technology	2
203544664	neolithic revolution	switch to agriculture, construction of irrigation systems, domesticated animals, increased populations, village/urban life, forced labor systems, elite man power, led to the development of new and more complex economic and social systems	3
203544665	examples of improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation	pottery, plows, woven textiles, metallurgy, wheels and wheeled vehicles	4
203544666	civilization	large societies with cities and powerful states	5
203544667	all civilizations...	produced agricultural surpluses, contained cities and generated complex institutions, featured clearly stratified social hierarchies, and organized long-distance trading relationships	6
203544668	core and foundational civilizations developed where...	agriculture flourished	7
203544669	core and foundational civilizations	mesopotamia, egypt, mohenjo-daro and harappa, shang, olmecs, chavin	8
203544670	where was mesopotamia	tigris and euphrates river valleys	9
203544671	where was egypt	nile river valley	10
203544672	where were the mohenjo-daro and harappa	indus river valley	11
203544673	where was shang	yellow river or huang he valley	12
203544674	where were the olmecs	mesoamerica	13
203544675	where was chavin	andean south america	14
203544676	the first states emerged within...	core civilizations	15
203544677	early regions of state expansion or empire building were	mesopotamia, babylonia, nile valley	16
203544678	culture played a significant role in unifying states through...	laws, language, literature, religion, myths, and monumental art	17
203544679	new religious beliefs:	the vedic religion, hebrew monotheism, zoroastrianism	18
203544680	examples of trade expansion from local to regional and transregional	between egypt and nubia, between mesopotamia and the indus valley	19
203544681	8 features of a civilization:	arts and agriculture, cities, job specialization, organized/complex religion, public works and infrastructure, social classes, system of writing, well-organized central government	20
203544682	PERSIAN	political, economic, religion, social, interactions, arts and agriculture, enviromental	21
203544683	paleolithic period-	fire, stone tools, hunter/gatherers, nomads, belief in an afterlife	22
203544684	neolithic period-	increasing population, villages, farmers, domesticated animals, women less important	23
203544685	afro-eurasia	africa, middle east, asia	24
203544686	arts and agriculture	expressed the beliefs and values of the people that created it, statues, jewelry, furniture, temples, palaces, and other monuments	25
203544687	cities	frequently surrounded by high walls (defense purposes), system of streets, religious centers, palaces and temples etc.	26
203544688	job specialization	surplus of food led to other occupations, artisans, metalworking, soldiers	27
203544689	organized or complex religion	most were polytheistic, complex rituals, built temples, sacrifices to gods	28
203544690	public works and infrastructure	irrigation systems, bridges, roads, anything made to benefit the city	29
203544691	infrastructure	any method of moving goods (roads)	30
203544692	social classes	people ranked according to their jobs, rankings=social classes, nobles and priests to artisans to peasants to slaves	31
203544693	system of writing	record keeping (food supply and seasons), record rituals and prayers, scribes (write down records)	32
203544694	well-organized central government	oversee food supply and irrigation process, warrior kings (heredity rulers), claimed right to rule came from heavens, legal systems, taxes, etc., royal officials or dept.'s oversaw functions and enforced order	33
203544695	political	leaders/ groups, forms of government, empires, statue building/expansion, political structures, courts/laws, nationalism/nations, revolts/revolutions	34
203544696	economic	agricultural/pastoral, economic systems, labor systems/organizations, industrialization, technology/industry, capital/money, business organizations	35
203544697	religious	belief systems/teachings, philosophy, holy books, conversion, key figures, deities	36
203544698	social	family/kinship, gender roles/relations, social and economic classes, racial/ethnic factors, entertainment, lifestyles, "haves" and "have-nots"	37
203544699	interactions	war/conflict, diplomacy/treaties, alliances, exchanges between individuals, groups, and empires/nations, trade/commerce, globalization	38
203544700	arts	art, music, writing/literature, philosophy, math, science, education, architecture, technology, innovations, transportation	39
203544701	eNvironnmental	location, physical, human/environment, migration/movement, region, demography, neighborhood, urbanization, settlement patterns, disease, cities (2 major ones)	40
203544702	polytheism	the belief in many gods; each god typically has responsibility for one area of life, the most prominent god in many early societies was the Sun God	41
203544703	ancestor veneration	based on the belief that the spirits of the dead continue to dwell in the natural world and have the power to influence the fortune and fate of the living	42
203544704	shamanism	focus on nature spirits; belief that the shamans are intermediaries or messengers between the human world and the spirit worlds	43
203544705	vedic religions to hinduism	vedic religions-later known as hinduisn; development of the social and political roes of a caste system and in the importance of multiple manifestations oh Brahma to promote teachings about reincarnation; basic tenants of hinduism are= reincarnation, karma, dharma, and moksha; central belief in the universal spirit; belief in Brahman	44
203544706	hebrew monotheism to judaism	monotheism; reflected the influence of mesopotamian culture and legal traditions	45
203544707	zoroastrianism	monotheistic relgion developed under the Persians; belief in heaven and hell; unifying god ahura mazda	46
203544708	buddhism	core beliefs about desire, suffering, and the search for Enlightenment, basic tenets= four noble truths and the eightfold path	47
203544709	confucianism	promote social harmony by outlining proper rituals and social relationships; emphasized the importance of harmony, order, and obedience; if five basic relationships were sound, all of society would be to	48
203544710	daoism	founder is Laozi, a spiritualist; religion center on the Dao (way) the original force of the cosmos that is an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world	49
203544711	legalism	emphasized that importance of rule of law, or the imperating for laws to govern, not men; punishments for offenders should be harsh and swift	50
203544712	christianity	based on core beliefs about teachings and divinity of jesus; it struggles to emerge from the hindu caste system; grew steadily and eventually because the religion with the most followers in the modern world; moral code based on lover, charity, and humility; final judgement day	51