AP World: Unit Three People Flashcards
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| 162555282 | Michelangelo | One of the greatest figures of the Renaissance | 0 | |
| 162555283 | Brunelleschi | Italian architect celebrated for his work during the Florentine Renaissance | 1 | |
| 162555284 | Leonardo da Vinci | The most versatile genius of the Italian Renaissance, depicted humans as realistically as possible | 2 | |
| 162555285 | Donatello | Florentine sculptor famous for his lifelike sculptures | 3 | |
| 162555286 | Albrecht Durer | Adopted the naturalism of the Italian painters | 4 | |
| 162555287 | Johannes Gutenberg | Invented printing press in mid-1400s | 5 | |
| 162555288 | William Shakespeare | Arguably most famous European writer from the renaissance | 6 | |
| 162555289 | Sir Thomas Moore | Wrote Utopia, described ideal society where everyone shared wealth | 7 | |
| 162555290 | Martin Luther | Nailed list of 95 theses onto a door in 1517 to initiate Protestant Reformation | 8 | |
| 162555291 | Pope Leo X | Pope when Marin Luther wrote 95 theses, furious with Luther, eventually calling for arrest | 9 | |
| 162555292 | John Calvin | Taught predestination during reformation | 10 | |
| 162555293 | King Henry VIII | Founder of the church in England and ruled England from 1509-1547, broke the Catholic church because he couldn't get a divorce | 11 | |
| 162555294 | Ignatius Loyola | Founded society of Jesuits | 12 | |
| 162555295 | Nicolaus Copernicus | Developed mathematical theory suggesting the Earth's revolution around the sun and it's rotation on an axis | 13 | |
| 162555296 | Galileo | Worked to prove Copernicus' theory | 14 | |
| 162555297 | Tycho Brahe | Built observatory and recorded observations | 15 | |
| 162555298 | Francis Bacon | Published works on inductive logic | 16 | |
| 162555299 | Johannes Kepler | Developed laws of planetary motion based on math and observation | 17 | |
| 162555300 | Sir Isaac Newton | Invented calculus to help prove theories of Copernicus, Galileo, and Bacon | 18 | |
| 162555301 | Thomas Hobbes | Thought people were greedy/prone to violent warfare, believed in a ruler to suppress war-like tendencies of people | 19 | |
| 162555302 | John Locke | Believed mankind was good, equal, rational, and capable of self rule; believed in a government to provide rights of liberty, life, and property | 20 | |
| 162555303 | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Believed human beings are naturally good and free, can rely on their instincts; thought government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy | 21 | |
| 162555304 | Voltaire | Writings supported idea of religious toleration | 22 | |
| 162555305 | Montesquieu | Argued for separation of powers among branches of government | 23 | |
| 162555306 | Prince Henry the Navigator | Head of royal family in Portugal who supported explorations | 24 | |
| 162555307 | Bartholomew Dias | Rounded tip of Africa (Cape of Good Hope) in 1488 | 25 | |
| 162555308 | Vasco de Gama | Rounded Cape of Good Hope in 1497, explored African kingdoms and went to India to establish trade relations | 26 | |
| 162555309 | Christopher Columbus | Voyage in 1492 led to discovery of Cuba/West Indies, mistaken for India | 27 | |
| 162555310 | Amerigo Vespucci | Explored South America on several trips around 1500, realized continent was too big to be Asia, renamed America | 28 | |
| 162555311 | Ponce de Leon | Explored Florida for Spain in search of the fountain of youth in 1513 | 29 | |
| 162555312 | Vasco de Balboa | Explored much of Central America for Spain, laid sight on the Pacific Ocean (1513) | 30 | |
| 162555313 | Ferdinand Magellan | Crew became first to circumnavigate the globe, died himself in Philippines | 31 | |
| 162555314 | Giovanni de Verrazano | Explored North American coast for France in 1524 | 32 | |
| 162555315 | Sir Francis Drake | Became first Englishmen to circumnavigate the globe in 1578 | 33 | |
| 162555316 | John Cabot | Explored coast of North America for England in 1597 | 34 | |
| 162555317 | Henry Hudson | Sailed for the Dutch looking for a NW passage to Asia in 1609, explored Hudson Rier and made claims to the area for the Dutch | 35 | |
| 162555318 | Hernan Cortes | Landed on coast of Mexico in 1519 to meet Aztecs | 36 | |
| 162555319 | Montezuma | Aztec ruler who mistook Cortes for a god | 37 | |
| 162555320 | Francisco Pizarro | Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru, founded the city of Lima | 38 | |
| 162555321 | King Ferdinand | King of Spain who agreed to finance Christopher Columbus's expedition to the Americas in 1492 | 39 | |
| 162555322 | Queen Isabella | Queen of Spain who gave Columbus the ships and sailors to sail to the new world | 40 | |
| 162555323 | Charles V | Member of the Hasburg family and one of the greatest Spanish kings who expanded their authority in Spain itself | 41 | |
| 162555324 | Ferdinand I | Holy Roman Emperor during 30 Years War, led the Catholic forces and won the first half | 42 | |
| 162555325 | Philip II | King of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I, supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England | 43 | |
| 162555326 | Elizabeth | Henry VIII's daughter, oversaw a golden age in England | 44 | |
| 162555327 | James I | Came to power in 1607 after Elizabeth's death, son of Mary Queen of Scots who succeeded Elizabeth I; alienated Parliament by claiming the divine right of kings | 45 | |
| 162555328 | Charles I | Son of James I who was King of England and Scotland and Ireland, was deposed and executed by Oliver Cromwell | 46 | |
| 162555329 | Oliver Cromwell | Lead the Roundheads to defeat the armies of Charles I (Cavaliers) | 47 | |
| 162645615 | Henry IV | Leader of France who issued Edict of Nantes, granting religious freedom to the Huguenots | 48 | |
| 162645616 | Louis XIV | Leader of France who built palace of Versailles, "The State is me" | 49 | |
| 162645617 | Jean Baptiste Colbert | Appointed to manage the royal funds by Louis XIV, supported mercantilism and tried to make France self-sufficient, wars/invasions proved ineffective | 50 | |
| 162645618 | Philip V | Grandson of Louis XIV who led Spain | 51 | |
| 162645619 | Ivan III | Leader of Moscow (third Rome) who refused to pay tribute to the Mongols an declared Russia free of Mongol rule | 52 | |
| 162645620 | Ivan IV | He and his father established absolute rule in Russia, recruited Cossacks | 53 | |
| 162645621 | Michael Romanov | Took throne of Russia in 1613 to begin a stable dynasty to last until 1917 | 54 | |
| 162645622 | Peter the Great | Westernized Russia, ruled from 1682-1725, built Russia's first navy and St. Petersburg | 55 | |
| 162645623 | Osmen Bay | Founded Muslim Ottoman Empire | 56 | |
| 162645624 | Selim I | Leader of Ottomans who claimed to be rightful heir to Islamic tradition under Arab caliphs, Istanbul became center of Islam under him | 57 | |
| 162645625 | Slueiman I | Rose to power for Ottomans, building up the military and encouraging development of the arts (golden age) | 58 | |
| 162645626 | Babur | Claimed to be descendent of Genghis Khan, a Muslim who invaded northern India to establish Mughal Empire | 59 | |
| 162645627 | Akbar | Babur's grandson, eliminated jizya (tax on Hindus) and sati (burning Hindu women) | 60 | |
| 162645628 | Shah Jahan | Akbar's grandson, built Taj Mahal | 61 | |
| 162645629 | King Alfonso I | King of Kongo who was successful at converting his people to Roman Catholicism | 62 | |
| 162645630 | Queen Nzinga | Queen of Angola, unsuccessfully resisted Portugal's invasion for slaves (alliances with Dutch, studied European military tactics) | 63 | |
| 162645631 | Kangxi | Manchu emperor, supported arts and expanded Empire into Mongolia, central Asia, Tibet (Confucian scholar) | 64 | |
| 162645632 | Qianlong | Manchu emperor, expanded into Vietnam, Burma, and Nepal, son of Kangxi (Confucian scholar) | 65 | |
| 162645633 | Tokugawa Ieyasu | Established Tokugawa Shogunate, instituted rigid social class model | 66 |