Ap Euro Flashcards Absolutism Ch16
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| Henry of Navarre takes power as the first absolute ruler of France | ||
| Death of Louis XIV, Absolutism in France is over | ||
| France. (1643-1715) Built Versailles. ruled for 72 years. known as Sun King. said "L'etat, c'est moi." whic means "i am state" He loved war too much | ||
| the principle of complete and unrestricted power in government. | ||
| The French absolute rulers were lenient with the nobles and often cut deals with them. On instance was the selling of church offices to raise revenue, raising temporary funds, but in the long run, allowing the nobles to not pay taxes. | ||
| Tax the rich Bourgeois, and the relatively wealthy peasants. Nobles don't pay taxes. | ||
| The French state in the 17th century became stronger in that it could achieve more of its goals, it was centralized from Paris and its administrative bureaucracy greatly expanded. AKA an absolute monarchy. However, it doesn't allow taxation of the rich French Nobles | ||
| Henry IV Louis XIII Louis XIV | ||
| Duke of Sulley Cardinal Richelieu Colbert | ||
| Duke of Sulley | ||
| Cardinal Richelieu | ||
| Colbert | ||
| Revised the tax system Subsidized trade | ||
| Administers of French royal policy | ||
| a tax system with a constant tax rate, created by Sulley | ||
| a tax on imported goods | ||
| A French tax on officeholders in the government, which provided about 1/3 of the royal income. It was initially implemented by Henry IV to demonstrate his power over nobility, but became useful in a more practical sense later on. | ||
| Strenghtens the French state and the Absolute monarchy | ||
| the principle that a nation should act on the basis of its long-term interests and not merely to further the dynastic interests of its ruling family. "the ends justify the means" -god has no basis in politics. | ||
| Creating new provinces to weaken the power of the protestants. They put Catholics around the Protestants so that they wold have less political power. | ||
| Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power. In this case, the French Catholic rulers redistricting Protestants. | ||
| Supported by Richelieu, the French Academy created a dictionary to standardize the French language. From then to now, the french language is spoken the same by all french speakers. | ||
| Richelieu's idea of French unity incorporated these three facets. | ||
| A French rebellion that was caused by Mazarin's attempt to increase royal revenue and expand state bureaucracy, caused Louis XIV to distrust the state. | ||
| First: Nobles wait for a weak leader, cause chaos and want reforms to benefit themselves. Second: Louis XIV is a weak leader- People will rebel. | ||
| successor of Richelieu, weak leader/ adviser | ||
| -Invite nobles to stay at Versailles -While gone, Intendants undercut the power of the nobility -Nobles believe that Louis the 14th is above all- the closer you are to him the more power you had (false-- Louis in fact has little power) | ||
| Palace constructed by Louis XIV outside of Paris to glorify his rule and subdue the nobility. It was 11 miles outside of Paris, suggesting the Disconnect with the French people and the leaders of France. | ||
| -Both are away from cities (Paris, Madrid)\ -Versailles is a cultural icon/center/Lavish place focused on material things -Escorial is based on Piety and Christianity | ||
| An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver, by selling more goods than they bought, raising tariffs, and encouraging economic nationalism. | ||
| A finance minister under Louis XIV that applied mercantilism to France to help increase revenue | ||
| -Tax base is bad -past wars -cost of Versailles | ||
| Louis the 14th | ||
| Reorganized by Louis 14, The state, rather than the nobles controls the army. Commissaries were set up for food, an ambulance was implemented, and soldiers were issued standardized weapons and uniforms. | ||
| Flanders- takes twelve towns The Netherlands- expand to natural borders Invades Holland- Flood the dykes, he gains Strasbourg and Lorainne | ||
| Taking people off the streets to serve in the army. Namely bums and beggars | ||
| -Bad tax base -Bad harvests/ Famine- many die -Need money- hand over silverware -Taxation falls on heavy burdened peasants | ||
| Charles II died without an heir, leaving Spain to his sisters, one married to Leopold Habsburg, the other to Louis Bourbon. Balance of power principles called for a division of the spoils, but Charles' will called for the inheritance to be kept intact, going to Louis XIV's grandson. France and Spain would have been united, thus breaking the balance of power. The Grand Alliance didn't want this (England, Austria, Prussia, Holland). So they fought. | ||
| Ended Louis XIV's attempts to gain military power and land. Marked the end of French expansionist policy. Ended the War of Spanish Succession. This meant that the balance of power between the European countries would stay intact. France could not become too powerful | ||
| Austria | ||
| -Gibraltar -Nova Scotia - India -Aciento | ||
| -Inquisition expels the Moires and Jews -Catholic mentality- business is bad -Influx gold silver -Failed invest/ Mercantilism -Low wages -Intellectual Isolation -Physiological malaise | ||
| Spain's decision to reject all ideas of Protestant nations | ||
| You know there is something wrong, but what to do about it? | ||
| any impractical idealist (after Cervantes' hero), Also the main character in Miguel de Cervantes' book about the changing times in the early 1600's. He was a man who did not like how the Middle Ages were ending and people were becoming more materialistic, so he set of to become a knight and bring back chivalry to Spain. He also is insane | ||
| Epic story for Spain | ||
| Don's squire |