Modern Period 1750-1900 CE Flashcards

265645711	The Spirit of the Laws	Anonymously published by Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu and Claudine Guérin de Tencin. Treaty on political theory.	0
265645712	Congress of Vienna	A conference of ambassadors of the European states held in Vienna, Virginia from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The conference was held to settle issues about the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. They also redrew the continent's political map.	1
265645713	Revolutions of 1848	(A.K.A. The Spring of Nations, Springtime of the Peoples or the Year of the Revolution) Only European collapse of traditional authority. Over 50 countries were affected during this event. Five factors were involved during this revolution: the widespread dissatisfaction with the political leadership; the demand for more participation and democracy; the demands of the working classes; the upsurge of nationalism; and finally, the regrouping of the reactionary forces based in the royalty, the aristocracy, the army, and the peasants.	2
265645714	Simon Bolivar	He was a Venezuelan military and political leader. He played a key role in Hispanic-Spanish America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire.	3
265645715	Estates General	A general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and the common people. Begun by King Louis XVI trying to propose solutions to his government's financial problems.	4
265645716	Olympe de Gouges	A French playwright and political activist whose feminist and abolitionist writings reached a large audience. Became an outspoken advocate for improving the condition of slaves in the colonies as of 1788.	5
265645717	John Locke	Enlightenment thinker. Believed in "life, liberty, property" and a republic is the best form of government.	6
265645718	Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette	Louis XVI: Supported Americans. People viewed him as a symbol of the perceived tyranny of the Ancien Régime. Marie Antoinette: Archduchess of Austria, married Louis XVI becoming the Queen of France.	7
265645719	Maximilien Robespierre	One of the best known and influential figures of the French Revolution. Dominated the Committee of Public Safety. His supporters called him "The Incorruptible", while his adversaries called him dictateur sanguinaire (bloodthirsty dictator).	8
265645720	Napoleon Bonaparte	French military and political leader during the French Revolution. Emperor of the French peoples from 1804-1815. Made a legal reform called "Napoleonic Code." Consolidated an imperial monarchy. Tamed the French Revolution in the face of growing disenchantment.	9
265645721	Declaration of the Rights of Man	A document of the French Revolution, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal. It established fundamental rights for French citizens and "all the members of the social Body", and also addresses neither the status of women nor slavery.	10
265645722	Ancien Regime	The aristocratic, social and political system established in France.	11
265645723	National Assembly	The lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic.	12
265645724	Jacobins	People who were apart of the most famous and influential political club in the development of the French Revolution, so-named because of the Dominican convent where they met, located in the Rue St. Jacques.	13
265645725	Directory	The government in revolutionary France. A body of five Directors that held executive power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate.	14
265645726	Civil Code	A systematic collection of laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of private law.	15