The American Pageant: Chapter 2 Terms
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| had been under English rule; Catholics sough Spanish help to free them from England; Spanish troops crushed; caused many terrors to be inflicted on its people | ||
| name given English buccaneers, these semi-pirates seized Spanish treasure ships | ||
| prominent English "sea-dog"; plundered around the planet, gave much of the profit to his investors, including Queen Elizabeth I | ||
| unsuccessful colonizer for the English on the coast of Newfoundland; lost his life at sea | ||
| organized a group of settlers who landed on Roanoke Island, North Carolina, in 1585 | ||
| a storm that cripled the spanish armada | ||
| forerunner for the modern corporation; enabled a number of investors to pool their capital in a vested interest | ||
| another name for an investor in a joint-stock company | ||
| a joint-stock company that received a charter from King James I for a settlement in the New World; significant because it guaranteed the rights of Englishmen that they would have if they stayed home | ||
| where the ships of the Virginia Company landed | ||
| where the Virginia Company settled; first permanent English settlement in North America | ||
| helped found and govern Jamestown; kidnapped in December 1607 by Powhatan and saved by Pocahontas | ||
| daughter of Powhatan; had intercepted her head between a war club and John Smith; became an intermediary for the Indians and the Virginians; married to John Rolfe | ||
| Jamestown winter 1609-1610; colonists driven to desperate acts to eat, including dug-up corpses, dogs, and rats; only 60 out of 400 survived | ||
| new governor of Jamestown in spring 1610; imposed a harsh military regime on the colonist; "Irish Tactics" against the Indians | ||
| Indian chieftain; at first considered the English potential allies | ||
| a few dozen tribes over which Chief Powhatan had supremacy over | ||
| Lord De La Warr declares war against the Jamestown Indians; raided Indian villages, torched cornfields; settled by a peace settlement and the marriage of Pocahontas and Rolfe | ||
| the Indians make one last effort to dislodge the Virginians, but are defeated; settled by peace treaty of 1646 | ||
| the three Ds that essentially killed off the Powhatan Indians | ||
| perfected methods of raising and curing tobacco, eliminating the bitter tang; husband of Pocahontas | ||
| process of taking over and fencing off land once shared by peasant farmers | ||
| the crop that Virginia's prosperity was built on | ||
| a crop that requires a lot of attention and work; tobacco is one of these crops | ||
| first legislative body in colonial America, in Virginia | ||
| founded the colony of Maryland and offered religious freedom to all Christian colonists; he did so because he knew that members of his own religion (Catholicism) would be a minority in the colony | ||
| penniless persons who bound themselves to work for a number of years to pay their passage; many colonies depended on their labor | ||
| passed in Maryland in 1649 by the local representative assembly, guaranteed toleration to all Christians but persecution of those who denied the divinity of Jesus | ||
| crop that formed the foundation of the West Indies; rich man's crop | ||
| boomed in the Caribbean and America in 17th and 18th centuries; people working the fields for no wages | ||
| denied even the most fundamental rights to slaves and gave masters virtually complete control over their laborers, including the right to inflict vicious punishments for even slight infractions | ||
| devised to control large population of slaves; denied slaves' legal rights and masters' prerogatives | ||
| after Parliament beheaded Charles I, he ruled England for nearly a decade | ||
| 1660 period when empire building resumed with greater intensity and royal involvement | ||
| group of eight of Charles II's favorites, they were given land grants that stretched to the Pacific | ||
| tribe who had helped English settlers in Carolinas with Indian slave trade, but were later annihilated by the colonists when they tried to leave | ||
| principal export crop in Carolina | ||
| 1690 - The first permanent settlement in the Carolinas, named in honor of King Charles II. Much of the population were Huguenot (French Protestant) refugees. | ||
| newcomers who raised their tobacco and other crops on small farms without legal right to the soil | ||
| War in the Carolinas from 1711 through 1713 between the Tuscarora Indians and the colonists. | ||
| war between the South Carolina settlers and the local natives who did not like being used for slavery and threatened for their land | ||
| one of Georgia's founders; interested in religious reform; repelled Spanish attacks | ||
| Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia; profitable staple crops | ||
| number of frost-free days for growing in the Plantation Colonies | ||
| A Seneca Iroquois prophet. Preached against alcoholism by appealing to religious traditions. Had Quaker missionaries teach agricultural methods to the Iroquois men. | ||
| A country who's population share a common identity | ||
| man or farmer owning small estate; middle-class farmer | ||
| a person who owned and controlled all the land in a colony | ||
| Building used for shelter by Iroquois | ||
| right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son | ||
| colony established by a group of settlers who had been given a formal document allowing them to settle | ||
| A colony under the direct control of a monarch | ||
| American Anglican Church | ||
| American Calvinist Church | ||
| what Georgia was to protect the colonies from Spanish Florida | ||
| settled by weallthy men who traded in sea port of Charleston used slaves to help grow cash crops (especially rice) | ||
| Founded the Methodist church | ||
| colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted |