Biochemistry
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| Anything that has mass and/or takes up space (volume) | ||
| A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions | ||
| Any combination of atoms | ||
| Two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio | ||
| Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element | ||
| Number of protons | ||
| Number of protons plus neutrons | ||
| 1 mole of a sustance = atomic weight in grams | ||
| Atom with an abnormal number of neutrons | ||
| Positively charged subatomic particle | ||
| Subatomic particle with no charge | ||
| Negatively charged subatomic particle | ||
| Outermost electrons in an atom | ||
| Sharing of electrons (Two non-metals) | ||
| Electrostatic attraction of positive and negative ions (Metal and Non-metal) | ||
| An atom's outermost electron shell | ||
| Unequal sharing of electrons due to difference in electronegativity | ||
| Positively charged ion | ||
| Negatively charged ion | ||
| Hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atoms is attracted to another electronegative atom | ||
| Starting materials in a reaction | ||
| Ending materials in a reaction | ||
| Two or more molecules of the same substance held together by hydrogen bonds | ||
| Two or more molecules of different substances held together by hydrogen bonds | ||
| Measure of how difficult it is to stretch/break the surface of a liquid | ||
| Amount of heat absorbed to change the temperature by 1 degree C for 1 g of a substance | ||
| Quantity of heat required to turn liquid to gas | ||
| As liquid evaporates surface cools since molecules left behind have less kinetic energy | ||
| The substance that dissolves | ||
| The dissolving agent in a solution | ||
| Water fearing (will NOT mix with water) | ||
| Water fearing (mixes with water) | ||
| Measure of heat energy as average kinetic energy | ||
| Water is less dense as a solid, freezing creates protective barrier | ||
| Substance that increases [H+] | ||
| Substance that decreases [H+] | ||
| Substance that minimizes changes in [H+] or [OH-] in a solution | ||
| Diiference in the covalent arragnement of atoms | ||
| Mirror image isomers (like your left and right hand) | ||
| Building block (repeating units) | ||
| Long molecule consisting of many repeating units linked by covalent bonds | ||
| Monomers are joined together and a water molecule is lost | ||
| Special macromolecules that speed up reactions in cells | ||
| Polymers are disassembled and a water molecule is used | ||
| Includes both sugars and polymers of sugars | ||
| Polymers with hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides | ||
| Sugar storage molecule for plants, made of glucose monomers (Alpha linked) | ||
| Sugar storage molecule for animals, made of glucose monomers (Alpha linked), extensively branched | ||
| Major component of plant cell walls, made of glucose monomers (Beta linked), never branched | ||
| Made of glycerol and fatty acids | ||
| Three fatty acids linked to one glycerol | ||
| No double bonds in fatty acid chain, solid at room temperature | ||
| Double bonds in fatty acid chain, liquid at room temperature |