AP world history semester one part 1 Flashcards

278241732	Confucianism	parallel between family and state benevolence toward all humanity hierarchy	0
278241733	Legalism	human nature is essentially wicked and people behave in orderly fashion only if compelled by strict laws and punishments personal freedom sacrificed for good of the state	1
278241734	Daoism	during the Warring States Period founder- Laozi follow the Dao (path)- accept the world as you find it, avoid useless struggles	2
278241735	Analects	collections of sayings of Confucius	3
278241736	Pastoralism	way of life dependent on large herds of grazing livestock	4
278241737	Cuneiform	form of writing combination of strokes and wedges with reeds	5
278241738	Hammurabi Code	inscribed on a black stone pillar provided judges with lengthy set of examples illustrating principles to be used in a case harsh	6
278248834	Mandate of Heaven	started during Zhou ruler is chosen by supreme deity proof of divine favor was prosperity and stability of kingdom, right to rule could be withdrawn	7
278248835	civilization	settled agricultural life cities as administrative centers political system based on defined territory, not kinship people engaged in specialized, non-food-producing act monumental building	8
278248836	Paleolithic	old stone age	9
278248837	Neolithic	new stone age	10
278248838	Monotheism	belief in one god ex. Yahweh	11
278248839	Polytheism	belief in multiple gods ex. Egypt	12
278248840	Domestication	developing varieties that fit people's needs plants (wheat, maize, barely, millet) animals (dog, sheep, goat ,cattle)	13
278248841	pyramid	series of stone platforms laid one on top of the other ex. Egypt (for tombs)	14
278248842	Ziggurat	multistory, mud-brick, pyramid shaped tower approached by ramps and stairs function and symbolic meaning still unclear the focus of the temple Mesopotamia	15
278248843	Megaliths	"big stones" relate to religious beliefs ex. Stonehenge, Egypt, Middle East, America	16
278248844	Cataract	waterfalls ex. six on the Nile River	17
278248845	Hittites	Anatolia, speakers of Indo-European Language relations with Ahhijawa (Achaean)- sometimes friendly, sometimes strained first to develop technique for making tools and weapons	18
278248846	Ramses II	greatest of Ramessides monarchs after Akhenaten undertook monumental building projects fathered 100+children	19
278248847	Shamans	communicated with supernatural forces, received predictions of the future women ex. China	20
278248848	Tutankhaman	boy-king, immediate successor of Akhenaten only royal tomb found not pillaged by robbers	21
278248849	Hatshepsut	served as regent for her young stepson after Pharaoh Tuthmosis II died, then claimed the royal title for herself dressed like men sent naval expedition down Red Sea to Punt some opposed to women rule-after death, her image was defaced, name was blotted out	22
278248850	Akhenaten	real name-Amenhotep tried to spread his belief in Aten as supreme deity closed other temples- challenged chief god Amon new style of art-fluid after death- temples reopened, Amon reinstated as chief god, capital returned to Thebes (from Amarna)	23
278248851	Hykosos	possessed military technology-advantage over Egyptians, dominated much of Egypt around 1640 BCE intermarried, assimilated native ways, used Egyptian language, culture, but still seen as foreigners	24
278248852	Mass Deportation	forcibly uprooting entire communities, resettling them elsewhere broke spirit of rebellious people used on unprecedented scale by Assyrian Empire	25
278433542	Diaspora	dispersion, scattering-Greek word Jew of Israel _____ communities developed institutions like the synagogue (communal meeting place)	26
278433543	King David	oversaw Israel's transition from tribal confederacy to unified monarchy strengthened royal authority by making Jerusalem the capital brought the Ark to Jerusalem (religious and political center) census (facilitated collection of taxes), standing army, his son was Solomon	27
278433544	city-state	self-governing urban center and agricultural territories it controlled uncultivated land served as buffers- Mesopotamia ex. Phoenicians- Byblos, Tyre- trade centers	28
278433545	Knossos Palace	Minoan civilization, on Crete shows widespread trading connections Egyptian, Syrian, and Mesopotamian influences	29
278433546	Minoan	civilization on island of Crete housed first European civilization with complex political and social structures legend of King Minos; he ruled vast naval empire, kept Minotaur in a labyrinth Linear A writing- not deciphered no identifiable representations of Cretan rulers- different conception of authority than Middle East kings	30
278433547	Frescoes	paintings done on moist plaster surface ex. walls of Cretan palaces	31
278433548	Mycenaean	Agamemnon- king of Mycenae shaft graves found- bodies of men, women, children borrowed Minoan idea of palace, centralized economy, administration, bureaucracy Linear B- deciphered took over Knossos in Crete thick fortification walls seafaring- long-distance contact and trade tough, warlike, acquisitive- conflict with Hittite kings	32
278433549	Homer	wrote Iliad and the Odyssey lived shortly before 700 BCE	33
278433550	Trojan Wars	written about by Homer mid 12c BCE Helen of Troy- most beautiful women in the world- face that launched 1000 ships Trojan Horse defeated Troy	34
278433551	Covenant	pact between Yahweh and the Israelite they became his "Chosen People" and he is to be worshiped exclusively Moses's time	35
278433552	King Solomon	alliances and trade Queen of Sheba visited ______- she brought gold, precious stones, spices built First Temple in Jerusalem-strengthened link between religious and secular authorial after death, kingdom split: Israel (north), and Judah (south)	36