Chapter 10: Christian Europe Emerges (300-1200 C.E.) Flashcards
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| 278588007 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks; emperor; through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy; he was illiterate | 0 | |
| 278588008 | medieval | "middle age" | 1 | |
| 278588009 | Byzantine Empire | the eastern portion of the Roman Empire from the fourth century onward | 2 | |
| 278588010 | manors | self-sufficient farming estates that became the primary centers of agricultural production | 3 | |
| 278588011 | serf | an agricultural laborer legally bound to a lord's property and obligated to perform set services for the lord; some worked as artisans and in factories | 4 | |
| 278588012 | fief | a grant of land in return fora sworn oath to provide specified military service | 5 | |
| 278588013 | vassals | noble followers whose services a king or some other noble might be able to command for only a part of the year depending on the agreement between them | 6 | |
| 278588014 | papacy | the office of the pope | 7 | |
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