Revolutions Assignment Flashcards

Jessica Colacicco
5th pd.

271089021	The Spirit of the Laws	a treatise on political theory first published anonomously in 1748 due to subjects of censorship.	0
271089022	Congress of Vienna	Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon	1
271089023	Revolutions of 1848	Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe. The monarchy in France was overthrown. In Germany, Austria, Italy, and Hungary the revolutions failed.	2
271089024	Simon Bolivar	Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule	3
271089025	Olympe de Gouges	A proponent of democracy, she demanded the same rights for French women that French men were demanding for themselves. In her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen (1791), she challenged the practice of male authority and the notion of male-female inequality. She lost her life to the guillotine due to her revolutionary ideas.	4
271089026	John Locke	English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.	5
271089027	Marie Antoinette	queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)	6
271089028	Louis XIV	king of France from 1643 to 1715	7
271089029	Maximilien Robespierre	"The incorruptable;" the leader of the bloodiest portion of the French Revolution. He set out to build a republic of virtue.	8
271089030	Napoleon Bonaparte	Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile.	9
271089031	Declaration of the Rights of Man	Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.	10
271089032	Ancien Regime	a political and social system that no longer governs (especially the system that existed in France before the French Revolution)	11
271089033	National Assembly	French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789. (p. 585)	12
271089034	Jacobins	Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794.	13
271089035	Directory	Group of five men who served as liaisons between Robespierre and the Assembly. Overthrown by Napoleon.	14
271089036	Civil Code	The French legal code fromulated by Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814) in 1804. Also called the Napoleonic Code, it reaffirmed many of the social liberties that had been introduced during the Revolution (1789-99) while at the same time reestablishing a patriarchal system. Property rights, religious liberty, and equal treatment under the law to all classes of men were assured. However, it curtailed many of the rights of women, restricting them to the private sphere of the home and giving males greater authority over them.	15
271089037	Estates General	assembly of the estates of all France	16