Week 4 Flashcards

Vocab, Who's Who, and What's What for Week 4

269320579	Vizier	Ottoman equivalent of the Abbasid wazir; head of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after the 5th century often more powerful than the sultan	0
269320580	Mehmed	(1432-1481) Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire	1
269320581	Babur	Founder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; first led invasion of India in 1526; died in 1530	2
269320582	Marattas	Western Indian peoples who rebelled against Mughal control early in 18th century	3
269320583	Janissaries	Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkans, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence, particularly after 15th century	4
269320584	Nur Jahan	(1577-1645) Wife of Jahangir; amassed power in court and created faction of male relatives who dominated Mughal Empire during later years of Jahangir's reign.	5
269320585	Sikhs	Sect in northwest India; early leaders tried to bridge differences between Hindu and Muslim, but Mughal persecution led to anti-Muslim feeling	6
269320586	Isma'il	(1487-1524) Sufi commander who conquered the city of Tabriz in 1501; first Safavid to be proclaimed shah or emperor	7
269320587	Mumtaz Mahal	(1593-1631) Wife of Shah Jahan; took an active political role in Mughal court; entombed in Taj Mahal	8
269320588	Abbas the Great	Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent; created slave regiments based on captured Russians, who monopolized firearms within Safavid armies; incorporated Western military technology	9
269320589	Chaldiran	Site of battle between Safavids and Ottomans in 1514; Safavids severely defeated by Ottomans; checked western advance of Safavid Empire	10
269320590	Mullahs	local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid Empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'ism	11
269320591	Red Heads	name given to Safavid followers because of their distinctive red headgear	12
269320592	Din-i-Ilahi	religion initiated by Akbar in Mughal India; blended elements of the many faiths of the subcontinent; key to efforts to reconcile Hindus and Muslims in India, but failed	13
269320593	Taj Mahal	most famous architectural achievement of Mughal India; originally built as a mausoleum for the wife of Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal	14