AP Biology Campbell Ch 21
The Genetic Basis of Development
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| organism choosen for study | ||
| gives rise to cells of different types and higher level structures | ||
| many mitotic cell devisions, the zygote gives rise to a large number of cells | ||
| cells become specialized in structure and function | ||
| the pphysical pricesses that give and oraganism its shape and constitute | ||
| all of the organisms all the same genes | ||
| describing a cell that can give rise to all parts of an organism | ||
| any cells that are not your sex cells | ||
| making a geniticall identical individual | ||
| removes the nucleus of an infertilized eff cell or zygote and replace it with the nucleus of a differentiated cell | ||
| older genes found in clone | ||
| the goal to reproduce new indivuals | ||
| unspecialized cell that can divide during a single division into one identical daughter cells | ||
| when a major aim of cloning is to produce embryonic stem cells to treat disease | ||
| progressive restriction of developmental potentioal, causing the possible fate of each cell to become more limited as the embryo develops | ||
| give the cell its chracteristic and structure and function | ||
| the maternal substances in the eff that influences the course of early development by regulating the expression of genes that affect the developmental fate of cells | ||
| the developmental of a spatial organization in which the tissues and organs of an orangism are all in their characerisitc places | ||
| mutations with phenotype causing death at the the embryonic or larval stage | ||
| results in a mutant phenotype in the offpsring , regardless of thier oen genotype | ||
| gap genes, pair rules genes, segment polarity | ||
| the anatomical identity of the segments is set by this master regulatory gene | ||
| turning off and on of specific genes | ||
| the ancestry of a cell | ||
| the helps direct daughter cells down the appropriate pathways | ||
| programmed cell death | ||
| organism with a micture of genetically different cells | ||
| plant homeotic genes that use positional information to determine which emerging leaves develop into which tpes of floral organs | ||
| 180 nucleotide sequence withing homeotic genes and some other developmental genes that is widely conserved in animals |