The Enlightenment,Ybarra,3 Flashcards
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| 286446891 | philosophes | -During the mid 1700s -In France -Known as the French word for philosophers or the social critics of this period -They beleived that people could apply reason to all aspects of life. -From this derived the five concepts of their beliefs: Reason,Nature,Happiness, Progress, and Liberty. | 0 | |
| 286446892 | seperation of powers | -In the 1700s a French writer,Montesquieu, devoted himself to political liberty. -He decidied that Britains government was the most stable. -They had the executive power, judicial, and legislative. | 1 | |
| 288221464 | Deism | -Many European Enlightenment followers believed in this in the 1700s. - It was the belief in a God who created the universe and set in place natural laws. | 2 | |
| 288221465 | Laissez-faire | -In the 1700s In Europe -Idea that the government should interfere with commerce and the economy as little as possible | 3 | |
| 288221466 | Thomas Hobbes | -In the 1600s - An English political writer -Wrote the Leviathan to express government views -Thought that the people needed to be ruled by an absolute ruler to contain control throughout society | 4 | |
| 288221467 | Social Contract | -Created by Hobbes in the 1600s in England -An agreement by which the people created a government. -He said people had to hand their rights over to a ruler in order to have law and order in society | 5 | |
| 288221468 | salon | -During the Enlightenment in Europe -A place where many writers and philosophes came together to discuss and share ideas. -Effected the positive growth of the society and spread of new knowledge | 6 | |
| 288221469 | John Locke | -A philosopher in the 1700s -A man who believed people could learn by doing things -He highly supported self-government and criticized absolute monarchy. -Believed in three natural laws: life,property, and liberty. - His ideas to let the people over throw unjust rulers and many others influenced government in Europe and the Americas | 7 | |
| 288221470 | Montesquieu | - A French writer in the 1700s -Believed that Britain had the best government and advocated separation of powers in government -Wrote On the Spirit of the Laws in 1748 -His book explained checks and balances and separation of powers | 8 | |
| 288221471 | Voltaire | -A philosophe in France during the 1700s -A very influencial writer and his writings got him sent to court and prison more than once. -Published more than 70 books of political essays or philosophy | 9 | |
| 288221472 | Cesare Beccaria | -An Italian philosophe in the late 1700s -His focus was on the justice system -He believed the accused should have a speedy trial and never be tortured -his ideas influenced criminal law reformers in the future | 10 | |
| 288221473 | Denis Diderot | -A writer during the beginning of the enlightenment - He is credited for publishing the first encyclopedia from 1751 to 1781 | 11 | |
| 288221474 | Adam Smith | -Scottish philosopher during the 1700s -advocated Laissez-faire -Developed idea of free enterprise and wrote his book on economy, The Wealth of Nations | 12 | |
| 288221475 | Mary Wollstonecraft | -She was a woman in the 1700s who advocated education for women -Wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women published in 1792 -She urged women to be educated and equal to men | 13 | |
| 288221476 | John Wesley | -An English religious man in the 1700s -Created the Methodist church or Methodism -Important advocate for the religious movement. | 14 | |
| 288221477 | Jean Jacques Rousseau | -A great philosophe in the 1700s -Wrote the Social Contract in 1762 -Strongly advocated a freely formed government and believed in natural rights of the people. -Believed in direct democracy and criticized absolute monarchies | 15 |