Ch 1 Myers Research - Hanford AP

18549229	Hindsight Bias	The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
18549230	Double Blind Procedure	An experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies
18549231	Independent Variable	The experimental factor that is manipulated--the variable whose effect is being studied
18549232	Dependent Variables	The outcome factor -- the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable
18549233	Mode	The most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
18549234	Mean	The arithmetic average of a distribution, obtaining by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores
18549235	Median	The middle score in a distribution--half the scores are above it and half are below it
18549236	Standard Deviations	A computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
18549237	Random Assignment	Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance ,thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups
18549238	Random Sampling	A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion
18549239	Scatter plot	A graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables. The slope of the points suggests the direction of the relationship between the two variables. The amount of scatter suggests the strength of the correlation
18549240	Illusory Correlation	The perception of a relationship where none exists
18549241	Case Study	An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
18549242	Survey	A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of them
18549243	Naturalistic Observation	Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
18549244	Correlation	A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other. The correlation coefficient is the mathematical expression of the relationship, ranging from -1 to +1
18549245	Experiment	A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effects on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable). By random assignment of participants, the experimenter aims to control other relevant variable
50599748	Replication	Repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the basic finding extends to other participants and circumstances
50599749	Statistical Significance	A statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance
50599750	Operational Definition	A statement of the procedures used to define research variables. Ex human intelligence -- what an intelligence test measures.