Pre-AP Plants

16618971	sporophyte	diploid phase of plant; produces spores
16618972	gametophyte	haploid phase of plant; produces gametes
16618973	xylem	vascular tissue; carries water from roots to rest of plant
16618974	phloem	vascular tissue; carries sugars from leaves to rest of plant
16618975	root	underground organ; absorbs water & minerals
16618976	leaf	photosynthetic organ; contains bundles of vascular tissues
16618977	vein	cluster of vascular tissues in leaves
16618978	stem	supporting structure connecting roots & leaves; transports water & nutrients between them
16618979	rhizome	underground stem in ferns
16618980	frond	large leaf of fern; may be divided into pinnae
16618981	gymnosperm	seed plant; bears seeds directly on surface of cones
16618982	angiosperm	flowering plant; bears seeds within layer of tissue
16618983	cone	seed-bearing structure of gymnosperms
16618984	flower	seed-bearing structure of angiosperms
16618985	pollen grain	male gametophyte in seed plants
16618986	seed	embryo of living plant; encased in protective covering, surrounded by food supply
16618987	seed coat	surrounds & protects plant embryo, keeps it from drying out
16618988	fruit	wall of tissue surrounding angiosperm seed
16618989	monocot	angiosperm whose seeds have 1 cotyledon
16618990	dicot	angiosperm whose seeds have 2 cotyledons
16618991	cotyledon	1st leaf produced by embryo of seed plant
16618992	vascular bundle	plant stem structure; contains xylem & phloem tissue
16618993	primary growth	plant growth pattern; occurs at tip of roots & shoots
16618994	secondary growth	plant growth pattern where stems increase in width
16618995	mesophyll	specialized ground tissue; makes up bulk of leaf, performs photosynthesis
16618996	stoma	opening on underside of leaf; allows O2 & CO2 to diffuse in & out
16618997	guard cell	specialized cell in leaf epidermis; controls opening & closing of stomata by responding to changes in water pressure
16618998	cuticle	waxy layer often covering leaf epidermis to reduce water loss
16618999	transpiration	loss of water from a plant through its leaves
16619000	sepal	outermost circle of flower parts; encloses & protects bud
16619001	stamen	male part of flower; composed of anther + filament
16619002	filament	long thin flower structure; supports anther
16619003	anther	flower structure; produces haploid male gametophytes (pollen grains)
16619004	carpel	innermost part of flower (also called pistil); produces female gametophytes; composed of ovary + style + stigma
16619005	ovary	flower structure containing ovules; produces female gametophytes
16619006	style	narrow stalk of carpel
16619007	stigma	sticky portion at top of style where pollen grains land
16619008	phototropism	tendency of plants to grow towards light source
16619009	gravitropism	response of plants to the force of gravity
16619010	photoperiodism	response of plants to periods of light & darkness
21263562	capillary action	tendency of water to rise in a thin tube
21263563	petal	brightly colored structure just inside the sepels; attracts insects and other pollinators to a flower
21263564	root cap	tough structure that protects a root as it forces its way through the soil