Pre-AP Ch. 2
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| basic unit of matter | ||
| center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons | ||
| negatively charged subatomic particle located outside the nucleus. | ||
| a form of matter that contains only one kind of atom | ||
| atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. | ||
| substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions | ||
| formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another | ||
| positively or negatively charged atom | ||
| bond whose electrons are shared between atoms | ||
| the smallest unit of most compounds | ||
| a slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules | ||
| an attraction between molecules of the same substance | ||
| attraction between molecules of different substances | ||
| a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined | ||
| mixture where all components are evenly distributed | ||
| substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution | ||
| substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution | ||
| mixture of water and nondissolved materials | ||
| measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution: ranges from 0-14 | ||
| compound that forms hydrogen ions in solution | ||
| compund that produces hydroxide ions in solutions | ||
| weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in pH | ||
| small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers | ||
| large compound formed from combinations of many monomers | ||
| key source of energy; organic compunds made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. | ||
| single sugar molecule (monomer) | ||
| large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides | ||
| macromolecules made of carbon and hydrogen, fats, oils, and waxes | ||
| macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus | ||
| monomer of a nucleic acid made of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base | ||
| (RNA) single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose | ||
| (DNA) nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose | ||
| macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair, and to make enzymes | ||
| basic building block for protein compound with an amino group (−NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (−COOH) on the other end | ||
| a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals | ||
| the elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction | ||
| the elements or compounds that are produced by a chemical reaction | ||
| the energy that is needed to get a reaction started | ||
| a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction | ||
| proteins that act as a cell's biological catalysts | ||
| The reactants of an enzyme catalyzed reaction |