Rhetorical Tropes and Schemes

	using the same grammatical tense throughout writing
	establishes a clear, contrasting relationghip between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them
	reversing the order of repeated words to intensify the final formulation, present alternatives, or show contrast
	reverse parallelism; an AB structure is followed by a BA structure, (ex: "What is learned unwillingly will be forgotten gladly." is turned into "What is learned unwillingly will be gladly forgotten.")
	consists of a word, phrase, or whole sentence inserted as an aside in the middle of another sentence
	a noun or noun substitute placed next to another noun to be described or defined (appositive can be placed before or after the noun)
	consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses; gives the effect of unpremeditated multiplicity of an extemporaneous rather than a labored account
	the omission of one or more words that are obviously understood but that must be supplied to make a construstion grammatically complete; a sudden leap from one topic to another
	the use of a conjunction between each word, phrase, or clause and is thus structurally the opposite of asyndeton.
	asserts or emphasizes something by pointedly seeming to pass over, ignore, or deny it. (ex: we are not going to talk about the horrible decision the president made.)
	the recurrence of initial consonant sounds (ex: really rad rabbits)
	similar vowel sounds repeated in successive or proximate words containing different consonants (ex: weigh, say, lay, etc.)
	repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, orntences, commonly in conjunction with climax and with parallelism
	forms the counterpart to anaphora because the repetition of the same word or words comes at the end of successive phrases, clauses or sentences
	repeats the last word of one phrase, clause, or sentence at or very near the beginning of the next can be generated in series for the sake of beauty
	consists of arranging words, clauses, or sentences in the order of increasing importance, weight, or emphasis.
	repeats the beginning word of a clause or sentence at the end (ex: Water, yes only water.)
	repetition of one word for emphasis
	substitutes for a particular attribute; the name of a famous person recognized for that attribute; often cliche
	several similar rhetorical devices, all involving a grammatically correct linkage of two or more part of speech by another part of speech; one subject with two or more verbs, a verb with two or more direct objects, etc.
	consists of raising one or more questions and then proceeding to answer them (ex: asking questions at beginning of paragraph and using the paragraph to answer them)
	compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other
	a type of metaphor in which the part stands for the whole, the whole for a part, the genus for the species, the species for the genus, the material for the thing we made, etc.
	another form of metaphor; very similar to synecdoche, the thing chosen for metaphorical image is closely associated with the subject with which it is to be compared
	metaphorically represents an animal or inanimate object as having human attributes-forms of character, feelings, behavior
	compares two things, for the purpose of explaining or clarifying some unfamiliar or difficult idea; which are alike in several aspects
	the use of one word class as if it were a member of another, thus altering its meaning (ex: he had a good cry)
	the use of words whose pronunciation imitates the sound of the word describes (ex. Buss, slam, pow, crunch, sizzle)
	the counterpart of understatement deliberately exaggerates conditions for emphasis or effect. *should not be used much in formal writing
	a particular form of understatement; generated by denying the opposite or contrary of the word which otherwise would be used