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evolution 4

ch 25

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the evolutionary history of an organism
ordered array in which fossils appear within layers or strata of sedimen rock that mark the apssing of geologic time
Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic
the process of measuring the absolute age of geologic material by measuring the concentrations of radioactive isotopes and their decay products
Period of time which splits dating in half by measuring carbon 14 levels
the scientific study of diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships
a group of similar species
taxonomists assign to species two-part latinized name
second part of binomial
related genera
systematists use branching diagrams called ___________ _______ to depict their hypotheses about evolutionary relationships
phylogenetric diagram based on cladistics, phylogenetic tree constructed from a series of two-way branch points, suggesting ancestral relationships among species
made up of kingdoms
ALL descendants came from one common ancestor
a group of biological taxa or species that share features inherited from a common ancestor
first part of binomial
A homology common to a taxon more inclusive than the one being defined.
an evolutionary novelty unique to a particular clade
species or group of species that is closely related to the species we are studying
what we can begin building cladogram on
Only names clades
Evolutionary timing methods based on the observation that at least some regions of genomes evolve at constant rates.
perhaps the modern mammalian orders originated about 100 million years ago, but did not proliferate enough to be noticeble in fossil records til after dinos
theory about nature should be the simplest explanation consistant with facts
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