AP Evolution
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| the change in a population's inherited traits from generation to generation | ||
| the evolutionary process by which favorable traits that are heritable become more common in successive generations | ||
| inherited traits further developed through evolution | ||
| the slow, gradual steps of change | ||
| the philosophy of science that believes that the natural processes operating now are doing so at the same rate as in the past | ||
| the intentional breeding of certain characteristics over others | ||
| any similarity between structures due to shared ancestry | ||
| any structures that are sismilar due to shared ancestry | ||
| anatomical structures of organisms in a species which have lost much or all of their original function due to evolution | ||
| the study of evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms | ||
| the collection of people or organisms of a particular species living in a given geographic area or space | ||
| one of the basic units of biological classification | ||
| a relationship between the frequencies of alleles and the genotype of a population | ||
| when alleles are in perfect Hardy-Weinberg proportion | ||
| p²+2pq+q²=1 | ||
| evolution that occurs at or above the species level | ||
| an evolutionary event in which a significant percentage of a population or species is killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing | ||
| establishing a population by a small number of individuals, carrying only a small fraction of the original population's genetic variation | ||
| the transfer of gene alleles from one population to another | ||
| natural selection maintaining polymorphisms in a population | ||
| when heterozygotes have greater fitness than homozygotes | ||
| the increased strength of various characteristics in hybrids | ||
| a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value | ||
| when natural selection favors a single allele and therefore, allele frequency continuously shifts in one direction | ||
| a type of evolution that simultaneously favors at both extremes of the distribution | ||
| the systematic difference inbetween individuals of different sexes in the same species | ||
| the occurrence of small-scale changes in allele frequencies in a population over a few generations | ||
| the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise | ||
| the evolution of species involving a change in gene frequency in an entire population | ||
| genetic changes that occur within an evolutionary line | ||
| an evolutionary splitting event in which each branch and its smaller branches forms an evolutionary variety of sister organisms | ||
| when a species evolves separately from itself to form separate groups | ||
| barriers that prevent mating between species/prevention of egg fertilisation | ||
| when species are classified as the same species based on anatomy | ||
| a concept that defines a species as a set of organisms that recognise each other as potential mates | ||
| defines a species as a group of organisms that can exchange genetically | ||
| defines a species as a set of organisms that are adapted to a particular set of resources | ||
| a species is a lineage evolving separately from others and with its own unitary evolutionary role and tendencies | ||
| when populations physically separated by an extrinsic barrier evolve so that if the barrier breaks down, they can't breed | ||
| rapid speciation of a single or a few species to fill many ecological niches | ||
| different species sharing the same territory | ||
| rare events that cause milestone evoltion branches | ||
| where unclosely related organisms evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments |