AP Ch 8 Muscles
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| involuntary muscle; has striations; muscle cells branch frequently; characterized by unique dark bands called intercalated disks | ||
| called striated or voluntary muscle; appear in bundles; crosswise stripes or striations; 40-50% of body weight | ||
| nonstriated, involuntary and visceral; part of blood vessel walls and hollow internal organs such as digestive tract and ureters | ||
| the muscles attachment to the more stationary bone is called it's... | ||
| the muscles attachment to the more movable bone is called it's... | ||
| anchor muscles firmly to bones; made of dense fibrous connective tissue; lubricated by synovial fluid | ||
| small synovial lined sacs containing small amount of synovial fluid; located between some tendons and underlying bones | ||
| elongated contractile cells of muscle tissue; grouped into bundles and intricately arranged | ||
| thick myofilaments are formed from what protein | ||
| thin myofilaments are formed from what protein | ||
| microscopic threadlike structures found in skeletal muscle fibers | ||
| basic functional unit of skeletal muscle | ||
| red oxygen storing pigment similar to hemoglobin contained in muscle fibers | ||
| muscle whose contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement | ||
| muscle whose contractions help the prime mover produce a given movement | ||
| muscle whose actions oppose the action of a prime mover in any given movement | ||
| the insertion bone moves toward the what bone | ||
| as prime movers and synergist muscles at a joint contract, what other muscles relax | ||
| we are able to maintain our body posture because of a specific type of skeletal muscle contraction called... | ||
| the metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic acid that may accumulate during prolonged periods of exercise | ||
| the nerve cell that transmits an impulse to a muscle causing contraction | ||
| the point of contat between the nerve ending and the muscle fiber is called a... | ||
| a single motor neuron with the muscle cells it innervates is called a... | ||
| the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle to contract | ||
| contraction produced by a series of stimuli bombarding the muscle in rapid succession | ||
| contraction that produces movement at a joint; the muscle changes length; insertion end moves relative to point of origin | ||
| muscle contractions that do not produce movement; the muscle as a whole doesn't shorten; tension within muscle increases | ||
| shortening of a muscle is.. | ||
| elongation of a muscle is... | ||
| during prolonged inactivity muscles shrink in mass, condition called... | ||
| increases a muscles ability to sustain moderate exercise over a long period; sometimes called aerobic training | ||
| the kissing muscle, puckers the lips | ||
| elevates the corners of the mouth and lips, known as the smiling muscle | ||
| one of the mastication muscles that elevates the mandible | ||
| one of the mastication muscles that assists in closing the jaw | ||
| located on anterior surface of neck and flexes the head | ||
| elevates the shoulders and extends head backward | ||
| located on the anterior, or front, surface of the leg; it dorsiflexes the foot | ||
| muscle that flexes the upper arm | ||
| muscle that extends upper arm; large muscle on (mid) lower back | ||
| muscle that abducts upper arm; surrounds shoulder joint | ||
| muscle that flexes forearm | ||
| muscle that extends forearm | ||
| muscle that flexes thigh | ||
| muscle that extends thigh | ||
| muscles that adduct thighs | ||
| muscles that flex lower leg; includes bicep femoris | ||
| muscles that extend lower leg | ||
| muscle that plantar flex foot; known as calf muscle | ||
| movement that makes the angle between two bones at their joint smaller than it was at beginning of movement; bending | ||
| movement that makes the angle between two bones at their joint larger than it was at beginning of movement; straightening | ||
| means moving a part away from the midline of the body such as moving arm out to the side | ||
| means moving a part toward the midline such as bringing arms down to side from elevated position | ||
| movement around a longitudinal axis | ||
| a hand position with the palm turned to the anterior position | ||
| occurs when you turn the palm of your hand so that it faces posterior | ||
| dorsum, or top, of foot is elevated with toes pointing upward | ||
| bottom of the foot is directed downward so standing on toes | ||
| muscle disorders; can range from mild to life threatening | ||
| injury from overuse or overextension; involves stretching or tearing of muscle fibers | ||
| injury is near a joint and involves ligament damage | ||
| a viral infection of the nerves that control skeletal muscle movement | ||
| a group of genetic diseases characterized by atrophy of skeletal muscle tissues; Duchenne most common | ||
| autoimmune muscle disease characterized by weakness and chronic fatigue | ||
| what is the term for decrease and weakness of muscle | ||
| what three things happen during strenuous exercise | ||
| T or F a weight lifter has larger muscle cells | ||
| movement, posture and heat production |