AP World Civilizations Ch 16 Flashcards

terms

285209784	Cape of Good Hope	Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India	0
285209785	Christopher Columbus	Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to New World and returned in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas	1
285209786	Ferdinand Magellan	(1460-1521) Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Philippines	2
285209787	Dutch East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	3
285209788	British East India Company	Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.	4
285209789	Lepanto	Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman Empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 1571	5
285209790	core nations	Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials	6
285209791	mercantilism	Economic theory that stressed governments' promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries	7
285209792	Vasco de Balboa	(c1475-1519) First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains	8
285209793	Francisco Pizarro	Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1540 most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish	9
285209794	New France	French colonies in North America; extended form St. Lawrence River along Great Lakes and down Mississippi River valley system	10
285209795	Seven Years War	Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America	11
285209796	Treaty of Paris	Arranged in 1763 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar island in Caribbean	12
285209797	Cape Colony	Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus	13
285209798	Boers	Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa	14
285209799	Calcutta	Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early art of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal	15
285209800	Vasco de Gama	A Portuguese sailor who was the first European to sail around southern Africa to the Indian Ocean	16
285209801	Columbian Exchange	The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.	17