Midterm Review Pt 4 Flashcards

294568359	Aristotle	one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers	0
294568360	Philip of Macedon	father of Alexander the Great; had three goals: to raise the economic and cultural level of his people, to united the Greek city states under Macedonian rule, and to lead a combined Greek/ Macedonian army against the Persian Empire	1
294568361	Solon	a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs	2
294568362	Pericles	Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athen's political and cultural supremacy in Greece	3
294568363	Sappho	the Greek lyric poet of Lesbos	4
294568364	Aeschylus	Greek tragedian	5
294568365	Sophocles	one of the great tragedians of ancient Greece (496-406 BC)	6
294568366	Euripides	one of the greatest tragic dramatists of ancient Greece (480-406 BC)	7
294568367	Ionia	region of western Asia Minor colonized by Ancient Greeks	8
294568368	Carthaginians	In 264 and 202 B.C.E., Rome fought two protracted and bloody wars against Carthaginians. , These people were descendants of Phoenicians from Lebanon and settled in present-day Tunisia. They dominated the commerce of the western Mediterranean. Hannibal. Middle Republic	9
294568369	Julius Caesar	conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)	10
294568370	Augustus Caesar	The first empreror of Rome, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, help Rome come into Pax Romana, or the Age of Roman Peace	11
294568371	Jesus of Nazareth	a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth	12
294568372	Paul of Tarsus	A Jew from Asia Minor that played the most influential role in the spread of Christianity. Paul never met Jesus but he had a vision one day of speaking to him.	13
294568373	Carthage	an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis	14
294568375	Roman Republic	the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC	15
294568377	Roman Empire	an empire established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern or Byzantine Empire	16
294568379	Barbarian Invasions	Period of time during the Roman Empire when non-Roman people began to migrate to the empire.	17
294568380	Caesaropapism	the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters	18
294568381	Byzantine	Long-lasting empire centered at Constantinople; it grew out of the end of the Roman empire and carried legacy of Roman greatness and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age; it reached its early peak during the reign of Justinian (483--565).	19
294568383	Corpus iuris civilis	"Body of Civil Law," Justinian's codification of Roman law	20
294568384	Iconoclasm	the orientation of an iconoclast	21
294568385	Excommunication	the act of banishing a member of the Church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the Church	22
294568386	Fourth Crusade	a Crusade from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem	23
294568387	Cyrillic alphabet	an alphabet drived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages	24
294568388	Constantine	a walled city in northeastern Algeria east of Algiers	25
294568389	Justinian	Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians	26
294568390	Theodora	Justinian's wife; helped him run the empire	27
294568391	Anna Comnena	1st important femal historian; wrote "Alexiad" that analyzed reign of her dad, Alexius I; not as biased	28
294568392	Belisarius	Byzantine general under Justinian I	29
294568393	Charlemagne	king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor	30
294568394	Otto of Saxony	Established the Holy Roman Empire. Pope John XII proclaimed him HRE in 962. Aggressively built his state. Defended Papal states from Lombards twice.	31
294568395	St. Basil of Caesarea	organized monastic movement	32
294568396	Prince Vladimir	Ruler of Kiev who converts to eastern orthodox christianity rather than roman catholic; influenced Russians to convert to Christianity.	33
294568397	St. Cyril	Went with Methodius and spread the Orthodox religion in Russia and brought the Cyrilic Alphabet to Russia.	34
294568398	St. Methodius	Apostle of the Slaves slide 64	35
294568399	Muslim	a believer or follower of Islam	36
294568400	Hajj	the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah	37
294568401	Hijra	The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam	38
294568402	Quran	the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina	39
294568403	Madrasas	Islamic schools	40
294568404	Sufism	Islamic mysticism	41
294568405	Hadith	(Islam) the way of life prescribed as normative for Muslims on the basis of the teachings and practices of Muhammad and interpretations of the Koran	42
294568406	Sharia	the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed	43
294568407	Sunni	one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam	44
294568408	Shia	one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam	45
294568409	Bedouins	Arab nomads	46
294568410	Muhammad	the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632)	47
294568411	Abu Bakr	Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death.	48
294568412	Ali	the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites	49