Midterm Review Pt 5 Flashcards

294574925	Feudalism	the social system that developed in Europe in the 8th C	0
294574926	Manorialism	An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord. It developed during the Middle Ages to increase agricultural production.	1
294574927	Clovis	king of the Franks who unified Gaul and established his capital at Paris and founded the Frankish monarchy	2
294574928	Charlemagne	king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor	3
294574929	Charles Martel	the Frankish commander for the battle of Tours. He defeated the Muslimsin the Battle of Tours, allowing Christianity to survive throughout the Dark Ages. He in a way started Feudalism by giving land to his knights that served for him.	4
294574930	Odovacer	Germanic general who deposed Romulus Augustulus (last Roman emperor in western half) in 476 CE	5
294574931	Pope Leo III	Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day, 800	6
294574932	King Alfred	He stopped the Norse/Viking invasion of England in the 800's.	7
294574933	King Otto I of Saxony	Ended the Maygar threat & pope proclaimed him Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (962)	8
294574934	St. Benedict	he founded a monastery in nothern ital in the 6th century and wrote a set of instructions gonverning the lives of monks that was used by monasteries and vonbents across europe.	9
294574935	St. Scholastica	ST. BENEDICT'S SISTER, 482-543 sister to St. Benedict adapted his Rules into guidance for women in convents	10
294574936	Pope Gregory I	590-604 was most important figure for providing Roman church with sense of direction; "Gregory the Great"; mobilized local resources and organized defense of Rome	11
294574937	Gaul	an ancient region of western Europe that included what is now northern Italy and France and Belgium and part of Germany and the Netherlands	12
294574938	Aachen	a city in western Germany near the Dutch and Belgian borders	13
294574939	Holy Roman Empire	the lands ruled by Charlemagne, a political entity in Europe that began with the papal coronation of Otto I as the first emperor in 962 and laster until 1806 when it was dissolved by Napoleon	14
294574940	Carolingian dynasty	a Frankish dynasty founded by Charlemagne's father that ruled from 751 to 987	15
294574941	Visigoths	The western Goths, invade Italy and Spain after the partitioning of the empire	16
294574942	Franks	group of Germanic people who rose to prominence under the leadership of King Clovis	17
294574943	Yurt	a circular domed dwelling that is portable and self-supporting	18
294574944	Kumiss	an alcoholic drink prepared from animal products by fermenting mare's milk into a potent concoction	19
294574945	Khan	an inn in some Eastern countries with a large courtyard that provides accommodation for caravans, a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries	20
294574946	Sultan	the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)	21
294574947	Saljuq Turks	Turkish tribe that gained control over the Abbasid empire and fought with Byzantine	22
294574948	Ghaznavid Turks	raided northern India - inner Asian nomadic Turks who convert to Islam; Seljuks are the ones who go west, but the Ghaznavids go east to India	23
294574949	Golden Horde	a Mongolian army that swept over eastern Europe in the 13th century	24
294574950	Manzikert	site where Saljuq forces inflicted a devastating defeat on the Byzantine army in 1071	25
294574951	Tamerlane	Mongolian ruler of Samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from Turkey to Mongolia (1336-1405)	26
294574952	Ilkhanate	khanate in persia	27
294574953	Ottoman Turks	captured Constantinople in 1453 and rename it Istanbul; as a result the Byzantine people flee to Italian City-States which becomes a catalyst for the expansion of language and art	28
294574954	Chinggis Khan	born in 1170s in decades following death of Kabul Khan; elected khagan of all Mongol tribes in 1206; responsible for conquest of northern kingdoms of China, territories as far west as the Abbasid regions; died in 1227 prior to conquest of most of the Islamic world	29
294574955	Khubilai Khan	Last of the Mongol Great Khans (r. 1260-1294) and founder of the Yuan Empire. (p. 351)	30
294574956	Chaghatai	controlled India, one of Chinggis Khan's sons whose descendents rued the khanate of Chaghatai	31
294574957	Osman	most successful warrior and "founder" of Ottomans	32
294574958	Trans-Saharan trade	route across the sahara desert. Major trade route that traded for gold and salt, created caravan routes, economic benefit for controlling dessert, camels played a huge role in the trading	33
294574959	Zanj	the arabian term for the east african coast	34
294574960	Ife	all Yoruba chiefs traced their descent to this first ruler. According to legend, the creator sent this first ruler down to earth where he founded the first Yoruba state.	35
294574961	Age groups	Same age, same job	36
294574962	Kinship groups	Early agricultural and technological development (about 8000 BCE to 3500 BCE) - Small groups of settlers grew into kinship-based villages that practiced both crop cultivation and domestication of animals. Tools and inventions helped villages to stabilize and eventually grow.	37
294574963	Sundiata	the founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes	38
294574964	Mansa Musa	this Mali king brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; he was the most powerful king in west africa	39
294574965	Ibn Battuta	Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. (p. 373)	40
294574966	Kongo	the Bantu language spoken by the Kongo people living in the tropical forests of Zaire and Congo and Angola	41
294574967	Niani	a later capital of Mali	42
294574968	Koumbi-Saleh	-Capital of Ghana which had 15,000 people with buildings of stone and more than a dozen mosques. Supported by a large number of qadi and Muslim scholars.	43
294574969	Kilwa	one of many trading cities on the East African coast	44
294574970	Great Zimbabwe	City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. (p. 385)	45
294574971	Ghana	a republic in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea	46
294574972	Mali	Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade.	47
294574973	Songhay	successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali	48
294574974	Sahara desert	the world's largest desert (3,500,000 square miles) in northern Africa	49