Chapters 12&13 Flashcards

289377834	Wendi	the man who seized power and proclaimed himself emperor of the Sui Dynasty. member of prominent north CHinese noble family. laid the foundation for political unification and economic prosperity	0
289377835	Li Yuan	the man who was the Duke of Tang and who took over the empire after the death of Yangdi	1
289377836	Yangdi	emperor of the Sui Dynasty. murdered his father Wendi to reach the throne.	2
289377837	Jinshi	those who passed the difficult civil service exam on Chinese literature. treated as dignitaries, with deference by former friends and fellow students	3
289377838	Pure Land	variant of Buddhism popular in China that emphasized the salvationist aspects of the faith and appealed to the masses of Chinese society. (chinese version of mahayana)	4
289377839	Empress Wu	empress during the Tang who tried to elevate Buddhism to the status of a state religion. only female recognized as being a ruler of China.	5
289377840	Yang Guifei	the beautiful young woman who manipulates the Emperor Xuanzong, eventually leading to her execution and downfall of the Tang Dynasty	6
289377841	Song	what dynasty follows the Tang? is also divided into 2 periods	7
289377842	Neo-Confucianism	philosophy that stressed tradition, hostility to outside influences, rank and obligation and had a great impact on Chinese intellectual life following the Tang. result of influence of the scholar-gentry	8
289377843	Grand Canal	building project of the Sui Dynasty that linked the original centers of Chinese civilization in the north with the Yangtze River basin further to the South. unites 2 river valleys, and is over 1,000 miles long	9
289377844	junks	the Chinese trading ships that were equipped with watertight bulkheads, rudders, and compasses	10
289377845	Hangzhou	the Song capital that was unsurpassed in terms of size, beauty, and sophistication	11
289377846	foot binding	practice that exemplifies the degree to which women in Chinese civilization were considered subordinate	12
289377847	Li Bo	the most famous poet of the Tang who combined images of the everyday with philosophical musings	13
289377848	gunpowder	Chinese invention that was originally used for fireworks but was later used in the military	14
297797017	era of division	also known as the Period of the Six Dynasties. period of political division and civil strife after the fall of the Han	15
297797018	period of the six dynasties	han is gone, period of chaos, and appears that China's best days are behind them.	16
297797019	sui dynasty	signaled a return to strong dynastic control and the end of "warring states"	17
297797020	tang rulers	dominated nomads on the frontier borderlands. used turkic nomads in their military and assimilated them into CHinese culture. repaired the great wall.	18
297797021	zen	popular form of Buddhism aomong the elites due to meditation (CHinese version of theravada)	19
297797022	daoists	tried to counter buddhism by appealing to masses with own magical and predictive powers	20
297797023	confucian scholars	convince tang emperors that Buddhist monasteries challenge the Tang economy	21
297797024	emperor wuzong	feared the power and wealth of Buddhist monks. persecuted buddhists, destroyed monasteries and shrines, monks had to return to ordinary life.	22
297797025	empress wei	is never really the empress. takes the title but doesnt actually yield any of it	23
297797026	northern song	established by emperor taizu. capital: kaifeng. forced to deal with strong, non-chinese people to the north: khitan people of the Liao Empire, Tangut tribes of Xi Xia Empire	24
297797027	southern song	rebellion within song and new nomadic kingdom Jin, established by the Jurchens, weakens it. song retreates into Yangtze river basin and creates a new capital, Hangzhou. comes to an end with the mongol invasions	25
297797028	taika reforms	revamped imperial administration along chinese lines. enacted after the death of prince shotoku	26
297797029	prince shotoku	heavily influenced by success of tang dynasty in china. wanted to create a chinese style bureaucracy and army as well as wanting to emulate chinese etiquette and art	27
297797030	heian period	imperial household and aristocratic families lived in a complex of palaces and gardens. lived in accordance with strict codes of polite behavior, a sense of formality with one another (in japan)	28
297797031	tale of the genji	first novel ever written in any language. about imperial court life, obsession with social conventions. about alife totally devoted to the pursuit of pleasure.	29
297797032	bushi	the lords. nobility in japan. the warlords and aristocratic families that control a certain amount of territory	30
297797033	samurai	the warriors -- the ones who actually fight. sort of the vassals to the bushi. ride on horseback and use swords to fight	31
297797034	bushido	"the way of the warrior" equivalent to the code of chivalry. does not mention women or peasants	32
297797035	seppuku	the ritual of suicide that is considered honorable. done by the samurai	33
297797036	bakufu	literally means "tent". is a military governemt and is a government based on who has the largest army and who the military leader is. equivalent to feudalism	34
297797037	shogun	equivalent of a general. more powerful than the emperor, yet the emperor is still there. protects the emperor and controls all the military	35
297797038	minimoto family	the head bushi. the strongest lords and everybody owes them loyalty and military service	36
297797039	daimyo	another word for bushi. only 300 aristocratic families. time of chaos and suffering but also economic and cultural growth	37
297797040	peasants in japan	reduced to the status of serfs by the rise of the samurai class. under the daimyo, became critical to private armies badly trained, poorly fed, fighting constantly, looting rival daimyos	38