Izzy's AP Psych Ch 12

12485384	motivation	A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
12485385	instinct	A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
12485386	drive-reduction theory	The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
12485387	homeostasis	A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry around a particular level
12485388	incentive	A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
12485389	hierarchy of needs	Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
12485390	glucose	The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues (when its level is low, we feel hunger)
12485391	set point	The point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight
12485392	basal metabolic rate	The body's resting rate of energy expenditure
12485393	anorexia nervosa	An eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly (15% or more) underweight, yet still feeling fat, continues to starve
12485394	bulimia nervosa	An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
12485395	sexual response cycle	The four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson - excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
12485396	refractory period	A resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm
12485397	sexual disorder	A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
12485398	estrogen	A sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males (in nonhuman female mammals, levels of this hormone peak during ovulation, promoting sexual receptivity)
12485399	sexual orientation	An enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual) or the other sex (heterosexual)
12485400	flow	A completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills
12485401	industrial-organizational psychology	The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
12485402	personnel psychology	A subfield of I/O psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development
12485403	organizational psychology	A subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change
12485404	structured interviews	Interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales
12485405	achievement motivation	A desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard
12485406	task leadership	Goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals
12485407	social leadership	Group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support
12485408	Theory X	Assumes that workers are basically lazy, error-prone, and extrinsically motivated by money and, thus, should be directed from above
12485409	Theory Y	Assumes that, given a challenge and freedom, workers are motivated to achieve self-esteem and to demonstrate their competence and creativity