Sensation and Perception
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| the process by which we receive information from the environment and encode it as neural signals | ||
| process of selecting and interpreting information from the environment | ||
| the study of the relationship between physical energy and psychological experience | ||
| the sensory analysis that starts at the entry level (starts with the sensory receptors and work up to a higher level) | ||
| constructing perceptions drawing both on sensations coming Bottom-IUp and on our Experiences and expectations | ||
| the first person to study the relationship between stimulus intensity and sensation intensity and realize a relative increase in mental intensity might be measured in terms of a relative increase in physical energy required to bring it about | ||
| the point at which a stimulus can be detected 50% of the time & the minimum amount of stimulation needed to detect a stimulus | ||
| states that there is no actual absolute threshold because the threshold changes with a variety of factors such as attention, fatigue, expectations, motivation, and alertness | ||
| a person detects a tone that is presented to them | ||
| a person does not detect a tone that is presented to them | ||
| a person claims to have detected a tone when none was presented | ||
| when a tone is detected and a person reports there was no tone | ||
| the receipt of messages that are below ones absolute threshold for conscious awareness | ||
| a change between two stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time | ||
| "just noticeable difference" or JND | ||
| two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount) to be perceived as different | ||
| experimented with JND and discovered Werber's Law | ||
| a weakened sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation | ||
| a decline in the sensory sensitivity at the neural level due to repeated stimulation | ||
| different from sensory adaptation in that responsiveness can reappear if stimulation level is increased or decreased | ||
| what you choose to attend to out of all the visual, auditory, and olfactory stimulation reaching you | ||
| you can pay attention to multiple sensory inputs | ||
| you hear or see two different things and are told to pay attention to both | ||
| Air Vibrations, gases, chemicals | ||
| what the body receives environmental information from; they act as transducers converting one form of energy to another |