AP Human Geography Chapter 1 Vocab Flashcards

31549455	Fieldwork	A method of studying what people are doing and observing how their actions and reacctions vary.	0
31549456	Human Geography	The study of how people make places, how we organize space and society, how we interact with each other in places and across space, and how we make sense of others and ourselves in our localtiy, region, and world.	1
31549457	Globalization	A set of processes that are increasing interactions, interpendence without regard to country borders.	2
31549458	Physical Geography	The spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of Earth's natural phenomena.	3
31549459	Spatial	How something is laid out; space on Earth's surface.	4
31549460	Spatial Distribution	Physical location of geographic phenomena across space.	5
31549461	Pattern	The design of spatial distribution.	6
31549462	Medical Geography	The study of health and disease within a geographic context and from a geographical perspective; looking at sources, diffusion routes, and distribution of disease.	7
31549463	Pandemics	A worldwide outbreak of disease.	8
31549464	Epidemic	Regional outbreak of disease.	9
31549465	Spatial Perspective	Observing variations in geographic phenomena across space.	10
31549466	Five THemes (of geography)	Location, human-environment, region, place, and movement.	11
31549467	Location	The geographical situation of people and things.	12
31549468	Location Theory	A logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of the economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated.	13
31549469	Human-environment	Reciprocal relationship between humans and environment.	14
31549470	Region	An area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, funtional, or perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon.	15
31549471	Place	Uniqueness of a location.	16
31549472	Sense of Place	State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certian character.	17
31549473	Perceptions of Places	Belief or "understanding" about a place developed through books, movies, stories or pictures.	18
31549474	Movement	The mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet.	19
31549475	Spatial Interaction	Depends on the distances between places. Both Complementarity and Intervening Opportunity.	20
31549476	Distances	Measurement of the physical space between two places.	21
31549477	Accessibility	The degree of ease with which it is possible to reach a certian location from other locations.	22
31549478	Connectivity	The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network.	23
31549479	Landscape	Material character of a place, complex of natural featues, human structures, and other tangible objects that give a place its form.	24
31549480	Cultural Landscape	The visible imprint of human activity ona landscape.	25
31549481	Sequent Occupance	Cultural succession and its lasting imprint.	26
31549482	Cartography	The art and science of making maps.	27
31549483	Reference Maps	Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude.	28
31549484	Thematic Maps	Maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute of the movement of a geographic phenomenon.	29
31549485	Absolute Locations	The position of place of a certian item on the surface of the Earth as expresed in degrees, minutes, and seconds of latitude, and longitude.	30
31549486	Global Positioning System (GPS)	Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geograpic features.	31
31549487	Geocaching	A hunt for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are placed on the Internet by other geocachers.	32
31549488	Relative Location	The regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places.	33
31549489	Mental Maps	Maps in our minds of places we have been and places we have only heard of.	34
31549490	Activity Space	The space within which daily activity occurs.	35
31549491	Generalized Map	A vague map of an area without specific details.	36
31549492	Remote Sensing	A method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments that are physically distant from the area or object of study.	37
31549493	Geographic Information System (GIS)	A collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user.	38
31549494	Formal Region	A uniform region.	39
31549495	Functional Region	Defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it.	40
31549496	Perceptual Region	A region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity.	41
31549497	Culture	The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society.	42
31549498	Cultural Trait	A single element of normal practice in a culture, such as the wearing of a turban.	43
31549499	Cultural Complex	A related set of cultural traits, such as prevailing dress codes and cooking and eating utensils.	44
31549500	Cultural Hearth	Heartland, source area, innovation center; place of origin of a major culture.	45
31549501	Independent Invention	The term for a trait with many cultural hearths that developed independent of each other.	46
31549502	Cultural Diffusion	The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area.	47
31549503	Time-distance Decay	The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin or source.	48
31549504	Cultural Barriers	Prevailing cultural attitude rendering certian innovations; ideas or practices unacceptable or unadoptable in that particular culture.	49
31549505	Expansion DIffusion	The spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area in such a way that the number of those influenced grows continuously larger.	50
31549506	Contagious Diffusion	The distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person.	51
31549507	Hierarchial Diffusion	An idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.	52
31549508	Stimulus Diffusion	A cultural adaptation is created as a result of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place.	53
31549509	Relocation Diffusion	Items being diffusion are transmitted by their carrier agents as they evacuate the old areas and relocate new ones.	54
31549510	Environmental Determinism	The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life, including cultural development.	55
31549511	Isotherms	Line on a map connecting point of equal temperature values.	56
31549512	Possibilism	Geographic viewpoint- a response to determinism- that holds that human descision making, not the environment, is the critical factor in cultural development.	57
31549513	Cultural Ecology	An area of inquiry concened with culture as a system of adaptation to environment.	58
31549514	Political Ecology	Area of inquiry fundementally concerned with the enviormental consequences of dominant political- economic arrangements and understandings.	59