Ms. Guffey AP Gov Vocab Terms for first quiz Flashcards
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| 78629642 | Power | The ability of one person to get another person to act in accordance with the first person's intentions. | 0 | |
| 78629643 | Authority | The right to use power | 1 | |
| 78629644 | Legitimacy | Political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution | 2 | |
| 78629645 | Democracy | The rule of many. Rule by the people. | 3 | |
| 78629646 | Direct or participatory democracy | A government in which all or most citizens participate directly | 4 | |
| 78629647 | Representative Democracy | A government in which leaders make decisions by winning a competitive struggle for the popular vote. Plato's Republic. Advantages of democracy without given people power. | 5 | |
| 78629648 | Elite | Persons who possess a disproportionate share of some valued resource, like money or power | 6 | |
| 78629649 | Class View | View that the government is dominated by capitalists | 7 | |
| 78629650 | Power elite view | View that the government is dominated by a few top leaders, most of whom are outside of government. | 8 | |
| 78629651 | Bureaucratic View | View that the government is dominated by appointed officials. | 9 | |
| 78629652 | Pluralist View | The belief that competition among all affected interests shapes public policy. Run by a bunch of small interests. | 10 | |
| 79088404 | unalienable | A human right based on nature or God | 11 | |
| 79088405 | Articles of Confederation | A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War. A loose band of friends | 12 | |
| 79088406 | Constitutional Convention | A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution. | 13 | |
| 79088407 | Shay's Rebellion | A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes. Legitimizes the Constitutional Convention. | 14 | |
| 79088410 | Great Compromise | Plan to have a popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate,with two members for each state. | 15 | |
| 79088411 | republic | A government in which elected representatives make the decisions | 16 | |
| 79088413 | Federalism | Government authority shared by national and local governments. Balance of power between local gov and the fed. | 17 | |
| 79088414 | Enumerated Powers | Powers given to the national government alone. | 18 | |
| 79088415 | Reserved powers | Powers given to the state government alone | 19 | |
| 79088416 | Concurrent Powers | Powers shared by the national and state government. | 20 | |
| 79088419 | Faction | A group with a distinct political interest | 21 | |
| 79088420 | Federalists | Those who favor a stronger national government. Madison, Hamilton, Jay. Afraid of excesses of democracy | 22 | |
| 79088421 | Antifederalists | Those who favor a weaker national government. Henry, Mason, Gerry. Feared power by the elite. More power to states. Wanted a bill of rights. It is hard to check in a big government, it is too far away. | 23 | |
| 79088422 | Coalition | An alliance of factions | 24 | |
| 79088423 | Bill of Rights | First ten amendments to the Consitution. Protects people from government. | 25 | |
| 79088424 | Habeas Corpus | An order to produce an arrested person before a judge. | 26 | |
| 79088425 | Bill of attainder | A law that declared a person, without trial, to be guilty of a crime. | 27 | |
| 79088426 | Ex post facto law | A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed. | 28 | |
| 79088427 | Amendment | A new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states. | 29 | |
| 79088428 | Line-item veto | An executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature. | 30 | |
| 79088429 | Government | The study of how to distribute power | 31 | |
| 79088430 | Hyper-Pluralist View | Too many groups. | 32 | |
| 79088431 | Majoritarian View | Majority rule. (50 percent +1). | 33 | |
| 79088432 | Super Majority | 2/3rds vote | 34 | |
| 79088433 | Immutable Principles | Free speech, Free association, Free Press | 35 | |
| 79088434 | Popular Sovereignty | authority to rule. Run by the people | 36 | |
| 79088435 | Individualism | Respect for the individual. Power given to someone at the expense of someone. | 37 | |
| 79088436 | Liberty | freedom | 38 | |
| 79088437 | Equality of opportunity | Everyone in the nation has the same starting line | 39 | |
| 79088438 | Magna Carta | Nobles limit the power of the crown | 40 | |
| 79088439 | Mayflower Compact | Pilgrims write up own commune and specific rules | 41 | |
| 79088440 | Declaration of independence | A written list of gripes against the British government. Written by Thomas Jefferson. | 42 | |
| 79088441 | John Locke's State of Nature | Limited Government so that the strong cannot take advantage of the weak. | 43 | |
| 79088442 | Republican Government | People elect representatives | 44 | |
| 79088443 | Virginia Plan | Large states, based on population. A bicameral legislature. House voted by people the Senate chosen by House. Proposal to create a strong national government. | 45 | |
| 79088444 | New Jersey Plan | Small states, equal representation. Every state had equal number of representatives. Proposal to create a weak national government. | 46 | |
| 79088445 | Connecticut Compromise | Bicameral Legislature. House based on population, senate equal across the board. | 47 | |
| 79088446 | 3/5ths Clause | A slave is worth 3/5ths of a person | 48 | |
| 79088447 | Electoral College | Each state gets number of electors who vote on the president based on the popular vote of the people. | 49 | |
| 79088448 | Federalist Papers | Federalists write paper for the masses to explain why it is important to vote for federalists. | 50 | |
| 79088449 | Montesquieu | Small Republics. You cannot maintain a large republic. | 51 | |
| 79088450 | Natural Law | A law that defines right from wrong. (hurting someone is bad). | 52 | |
| 79088451 | Human Law | A law that is defined by humans. Speeding is illegal. | 53 | |
| 79088452 | Legislative | Makes Laws | 54 | |
| 79088453 | Executive | Enforces Laws | 55 | |
| 79088454 | Judicial | Applies/interprets laws | 56 | |
| 79088456 | Separation of powers | Division of 3 branches. Constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government. | 57 | |
| 79088457 | Checks and Balances | One branch can check the power of another branch. Authority shared by three branches of government | 58 | |
| 79088459 | Judicial Review | Checks the constitutionality of a law. (J/L and J/E)The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional. | 59 | |
| 79088460 | Veto | President can stop law after Congress passes it. (E/L) | 60 | |
| 79088461 | Impoundment | Can seize or stop money for Congress's projects (E/L) | 61 | |
| 79088462 | Special Session | President calls back members congress on an issue (E/L). | 62 | |
| 79088463 | Executive Privilege | President can keep his conversations secret,including in court. (E/L). | 63 | |
| 79088464 | Executive Order | Order the president gives with the power of law. Only temporary. President can resend it. Doesn't get money or funding (E/L). | 64 | |
| 79088465 | Impeachment | Two part process.Impeachment is an inditment. Senate later has trial to kick president out. (L/E) | 65 | |
| 79088466 | Override | Congress can override veto by 2/3rds vote (L/E) | 66 | |
| 79088467 | Salaries | Determines every person's salary who works for the government. (L/E) | 67 | |
| 79088468 | Budget | Take the money they receive and decide how much each part of the government it worth. Congress completely changes presidents budget (L/E). | 68 | |
| 79088469 | Treaties | Must ratify presidential treaty with a vote (L/E) | 69 | |
| 79088470 | Judge selection | Senate only. President appoints justices and federal judges and senate puts them on trial (L/E) | 70 | |
| 79088471 | Cabinet Selection | Senate only. President advisory council and heads of department are approved by the Senate (L/E). | 71 | |
| 79088472 | Judge Confirmation | Senate confirms presidents appointment (L/J) | 72 | |
| 79088473 | Number of Judges | Congress decides how many judges are on the supreme court and local governments (L/J) | 73 | |
| 79088474 | Jurisdiction | Congress chooses the jurisdiction of courts,which cases go to which, and specialty courts (L/J). | 74 | |
| 79088475 | Amendment | Congress can amend the Congress so your that a law passes judicial review (L/J). | 75 | |
| 79088476 | Impeachment | Judges can be impeached (L/J) | 76 | |
| 79088477 | Pardon | President can erase entire judicial past (E/J) | 77 | |
| 83154919 | Necessary and Proper Clause | Section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws necessary and proper to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the constitution | 78 | |
| 83154920 | Nullification | The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that,in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution | 79 | |
| 83154921 | Dual Federalism | Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere,the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept seperate | 80 | |
| 83154922 | Police Power | State power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals. | 81 | |
| 83154923 | Initiative | Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot | 82 | |
| 83154924 | Referendum | Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature | 83 | |
| 83154925 | Recall | Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office | 84 | |
| 83154926 | Grants-in-aid | Money given by the national government to the states | 85 | |
| 83154927 | Categorical Grants | Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport | 86 | |
| 83154928 | Conditions of Aid | Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds | 87 | |
| 83154929 | Mandates | Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants | 88 | |
| 83154930 | Waiver | A decision by an administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate a law or rule that would otherwise apply to it. | 89 |