Unit 6A AP Psy Masters
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| persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information | ||
| processing of information into the memory system—for example, by extracting meaning | ||
| retention of encoded information over time | ||
| process of getting information out of memory storage | ||
| limbic system component associated with memory | ||
| part of brain that controls well-learned motor activities (riding a bike) movement and balance; rear of the brainstem | ||
| immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system | ||
| also working memory; lasts about 20-30 seconds and can hold about 7 items | ||
| relatively permanent and limitless storage of memory. | ||
| part of the memory system that allows us to mentally work with, or manipulate, information being held in STM | ||
| repeating information over and over to keep it active in STM | ||
| process of grouping items to make them easier to remember | ||
| part of declarative memory that stores general information such as names and facts. | ||
| memory of one's personal experiences | ||
| a division of LTM that stores explicit information; includes episodic and semantic memory | ||
| memory for how to do things, including motor skills and habits | ||
| momentary visual sensory memory; photographic or picture-image memory; less than a second | ||
| momentary aduitory sensory memory; sounds and words can be recalled for 3 or 4 seconds | ||
| vivid and detailed memory of an emotionally significant moment or event | ||
| a loss of memory | ||
| memory retrieval; a person need only identify items previously learned, a multiple-choice test | ||
| memory retrieval; a person must fill in all information previously learned, an essay test | ||
| several shorter study periods will yield better long-term retention than one extended study period | ||
| tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list; primacy +recency | ||
| activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory which influences one's perception, memory, or response | ||
| memory that has been simplified, enriched, or distorted, depending on an individual's experiences and attitudes | ||
| act of filling in memory gaps | ||
| a conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the world | ||
| photographic memory | ||
| fading of information from memory | ||
| when prior learning disrupts the recall of new information | ||
| when new learning disrupts the recall of previously-learned information | ||
| defense mechanism in which painful memories are excluded from consciousness | ||
| distortion of a memory by exposure to misleading information | ||
| relating new information to material that is already stored in LTM | ||
| strategies and tricks for improving memory, such as the use of a verse or a formula | ||
| tendency to remember words at the beginning of a list especially well | ||
| tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well | ||
| inability to store new memories after a traumatic event | ||
| model of memory in which information must pass through stages; encoding, storage, and retrieval | ||
| model of memory in which memory processes take place at the same time over a large network of neural connections | ||
| model of memory; information is stored in the brain in a connected fashion, related concepts are stored physically closer to each other | ||
| clues or hints that make it easier for us to recall information | ||
| information is stored in LTM, but the retrieval cues do not trigger the memory | ||
| material is more likely to be remembered if it is retrieved in the same context in which it was stored | ||
| retrieving information in the same setting in which it was encoded | ||
| a happy mood will trigger other happy memories, a bad will trigger memories of other |