1st semester final review
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| Proposed by both Locke and Hobbes, the people consent to surrender certain rights for protection from government | ||
| All members of a group make the decisions | ||
| Representatives make the decisions for the people | ||
| Permission to be ruled is given by the people | ||
| Author of Declaration of Independence | ||
| Doctrine that society could be governed by certain ethical principles that are a part of nature-ex: liberty | ||
| Also caused necessary an proper clause-gives government flexibility in interpreting the Constitution | ||
| Political papers written by Madison to support ratification of Constitution | ||
| Loose early constitution lacking power to tax, regulation of commerce and strong chief executive | ||
| Revolt by farmers in Mass. to fight foreclosure on their farms | ||
| Opposed ratification of Constitution without addition of Bill of Rights | ||
| System of government where federal government and state governments share power | ||
| Division of powers amongst the three branches of government | ||
| Small states plan, proposed rewriting Constitution, wanted equal representation | ||
| Large states plan, wanted representation by population | ||
| Resulted in compromise of bicameral legislature | ||
| national government is weaker than the sum of it's parts | ||
| Written powers of Constitution found in Article 1 section 8 | ||
| Resulted in the counting of 60% of slaves for purposes of representation | ||
| Jefferson really meant property | ||
| Protects people from a government sponsored religion | ||
| Government may not prohibit speech or publication before the fact | ||
| "actual malice must be proved to support charge of libel" | ||
| Illegally used evidence may not be used in court | ||
| Speech that may be restricted because it may result in violence | ||
| Trial dealing with the right to counsel | ||
| States may restrict arms sales with call for registration, restricting gun types, etc. | ||
| Speech, press, religious, petition, assembly | ||
| Non-religious | ||
| An emergency that cancels a fundamental right | ||
| In plain sight, open field, consent given | ||
| Another exception for search that explains that the officer made an honest mistake | ||
| Any media outlet not including major network | ||
| Sensationalized news | ||
| The redrawing of districts every ten years for purpose of representation | ||
| Congressional leaders who keep their party members in order | ||
| Unlimited debate in Senate | ||
| Minimum number of members in Congress per state, 2 senators, 1 member of House | ||
| Most senior member of Majority Party in senate | ||
| Only member of cabinet not a secretary | ||
| Written defamation of character | ||
| Power of oversight by the Senate over the president | ||
| Presidential power to reach treaties with foreign countries without congressional approval | ||
| Presidential power to issue domestic orders without congressional approval | ||
| established the principle of merit in federal hiring | ||
| includes power of the purse, program evaluation and monitoring policy implementation | ||
| Idea that judges should use their power to broadly to further justice | ||
| Reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions on new cases | ||
| First Supreme Court Justice | ||
| established doctrine of judicial review. the power to review the acts of the other branches of government | ||
| the authority vested in a particular court to hear and decide a case | ||
| a document containing the collected legal arguments in a case filed with a court | ||
| the position that interacts with the press on a daily basis | ||
| Federal Elections Commission manages fund-raising for political campaigns | ||
| voters are only able to vote for members of their party | ||
| the Hispanic vote. So called because they have not been stirred to action but have great numbers | ||
| smallest political subdivision | ||
| first prominent Republican president | ||
| first leader of Democrat-Republicans |