Social Structures Flashcards
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| 292049517 | Mesopotamia | -according to Law Code of Hammurabi 1. free landowning class (royalty, high officials, warriors) 2. dependent farmers/artisans=primary work force 3. slaves for domestic service | 0 | |
| 292049518 | Egypt | -divisions not very distinct, very diverse peoples 1. kings, high officials 2. lower officials, local leaders, priests, artisans 3. peasants= vast majority | 1 | |
| 292049519 | Shang China | 1. elite= warrior class 2. royal and elite families 3. general population (peasants) 4. servants | 2 | |
| 292049520 | Olmec | 1. elite who used wealth and organized labor for building projects, used religion to gain power 2. merchant class engaged in long-distance trade | 3 | |
| 292049521 | Chavin | -class distinctions appear to have increased 1. local chiefs, more powerful chief or king, priests who led religious life 2. common people | 4 | |
| 292049522 | Israel | 1. wealthy and powerful priests- more division between the wealthy and poor of the society 2. common people | 5 | |
| 292049523 | Assyria | 1. elite class 2. skilled professionals- priests, diviners, scribes, doctors, artisans 3. subjects | 6 | |
| 292049524 | Persia | 1. warriors (king) 2. satrap (governor over a province) 3. priests (Magi) 4. peasants | 7 | |
| 292049525 | Greece (polis) | 1. tyrant 2. free people who could rise up in the ranks 3. slaves | 8 | |
| 292049526 | Sparta | -highly militaristic 1. elite class (warriors) 2. middle class farmers and artisans 3. helots- slave class | 9 | |
| 292049527 | Athens | -divided into 4 class based on yearly yield of their farms -top 3 classes could hold state offices -lowest class could participate in meetings of the Assembly 1. elite class 2. gov officials 3. poor city dwellers, small land-holding farmers 4. slaves and servants | 10 | |
| 292049528 | Rome | -patron/client relationships bound together individuals of different classes -wealthy merchants, landholders - landholders created latifundia (large land estates), local elite groups -peasants- men forced to devote time to military service -the family lived under the absolute of the oldest male, the paterfamilias 1. patricians-elite 2. tribunes 3. plebeians- majority of population | 11 | |
| 292049529 | Han China | 1. emperor 2. priests, scholars, officials (gentry) 3. merchants and soldiers 4. common population 5. servants | 12 | |
| 292049530 | India | -very distinct class and caste system 1. Brahmins- priests and scholars 2. Kshatriya- warriors and officials 3. Vaishya- merchants, artisans, landowners 4. Shudra- peasants and laborers 5. Untouchables- people doing polluting or demeaning work | 13 | |
| 292049531 | Sassanid Empire | 1. shah (king) -powerful nobles and cousins of the shah rules regions of the empire -warrior nobles: society cultivated the arts of hunting, feasting, and war 2. local aristocracy 3. general population | 14 | |
| 292049532 | Islamic Civilizations | 1. elite (caliphate) 2. high ranking officials 3. merchants 4. commoners 5. slaves | 15 | |
| 292049533 | Byzantine Empire | 1. elite class 2. high ranking aristocracy 3. rural landowners 4. servants | 16 | |
| 292049534 | Medieval Europe | -manors: self-sufficient farming estates -nobles had power over serfs: workers who belonged to the manor couldn't leave -feudal system: king and lords gave land (a fief) to vassals for sworn military support, who then might have given some land to their vassals, etc. | 17 | |
| 292049535 | Song China | -educated were higher up -civil service examination allowed men to be chosen for gov service based on merit | 18 | |
| 292049536 | Mayans | -rulers and elite served priestly and political functions 1. elite 2. priests 3. common population 4. servants | 19 | |
| 292049537 | Aztecs | -great inequalities 1. high nobility, warrior elite 2. specialized merchant class who controlled long-distance trade 3. commoners who lived in small homes and ate a limited diet | 20 | |
| 292049538 | Mongols | 1. Khan 2. powerful families 3. leading families 4. warriors 5. slaves | 21 | |
| 292049539 | Yuan China | 1. Mongols 2. Central Asians and Middle Easterners 3. Northern Chinese 4. Southern Chinese | 22 | |
| 292049540 | Tropical Africa and Asia 1200-1500 | -wealthy urban elites prospered from Indian Ocean trade.. gap between elite and common people widened -slavery increased and most slaves were trained in specific skills | 23 | |
| 292049541 | Delhi Sultanate | 1. Sultan (king) 2. elite class 3. merchants 4. common population 5. slaves | 24 | |
| 292049542 | Early Modern Europe | -some social mobility 1. noble families 2. bourgeoisie (wealthy urban class who thrived on finance, manufacturing, and trade; gradually increased land and married into the nobility) 3. laborers, journeymen, apprentices (vast majority= very poor) | 25 | |
| 292049543 | American Colonial Societies/ New World | -dominated by the Spanish 1. Hidalgos- Spanish immigrants=nobles 2. Creoles- Europeans born in the Americas 3. Mestizos- European + Amerindian 4. Mulattos- European + African 5. Amerindians 6. Castas- Amerindian + African 7. runaway slaves 8. slaves | 26 |