APUSH 1800s
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| americans turned to new ___________________ like steamboats, railroads, roads to improve transportation, communication, and trade | ||
| (1) opened land new land for settlers, (2) lowered transportation costs, (3) made it easier to sell products, (4) linked farmers to national/world markets, (5) made farmers major consumers of manufactured goods | ||
| invented by Robert FULTON, enabled more options for trade and commerce with upstream commerce | ||
| toll roads made to increase the speed and lower the expense of commerce | ||
| short detours that enabled residents to avoid tollgates, causing most toll roads to never make a profit | ||
| 363-mile canal through upstate NY that was built in 1825 and allowed goods to flow between the Great Lakes and New York City | ||
| invention that opened up new areas of land for settlement and expanded internal markets like coal and iron | ||
| invented by Samuel F. B. Morse, sped up flow of information and brought uniformity to prices throughout the country | ||
| people often travelled in ________________, and set up communities that _________________ what they had left behind | ||
| invented by Eli whitney, this invention squashy enabled the process of growing and selling cotton on on a large scale | ||
| group of slaves chained to tone and other and forced to march to Deep South | ||
| individuals who opposed immigration into the US | ||
| a bigger focus on the individual, and individual judgement instead of authority | ||
| writer who believed that everyone has his/her own version of truth and that we should trust out own definitions | ||
| walden pond; we are focusing too much on superficial/material things (like the accumulation of wealth) | ||
| in the household, no interference by government | ||
| support of both public and private lives | ||
| started to jump-start church attendance, lead by Finney, promoted one's CHOICE to escape sin | ||
| prime example of a self-made man | ||
| a man who becomes wealthy through merit, not through inheritance | ||
| women put out of work from factories, only involved in private sphere, embodied virtue (beautiful, frail, dependent) | ||
| time of the common man (less property requirements for voting, "owning yourself", personal independence, own master, on ideas) | ||
| democracy as a "habit of the heart" (encouraged individual initiative, belief in equality, active public sphere) | ||
| all white men can vote, eliminated blacks entirely. common man could sometimes be the enemy of equality | ||
| new bank, tariff on manufactured goods, federal money for infrastructure. made to relieve debt after war of 1812 | ||
| blamed banks (for printing money and giving loans) and also the people to took out loans --> suspicion of banks | ||
| "hamilton's federalists". supported Madison's american system. saw society as a mobile hierarchy. power and liberty reinforced each other. were not opposed to gov intervention in private lives. supported by established businessmen, bankers, and farmers near trade routes | ||
| "jacksonians who follow jeffersonian ideals". wanted end of social classes and a hand's off attitude for the government. threatened by non-producers. thought state power superior to federal power. supported by slave holders, entrepreneurs, and isolated farmers | ||
| declaring a law null and void within the borders of a state. SC dislikes tariff of 1828 (tax on northern imports) and wants to declare it void within their borders. lead by calhoun vs. jackson (thinks it will cause disunity) | ||
| jackson wants to remove indians from democratic nationalism because they were non-civilized and were in the way of westward expansion | ||
| biddle wants to extend bank's contract another 20 years but jackson feels threatened by non-producers and vetos the bill then takes federal money from national bank and divvies it up to PET BANKS | ||
| indian's trial to oklahoma when banished from their native lands. jackson is blamed but it was what hte common man wanted | ||
| sparked by economic growth and development in the market revolution b/c people focused on wealth and thought that they needed to be in control to be free. women rarely recognized | ||
| communal civilization that created the "perfect" atmosphere. gender differences like separation, regulations, emphasis on equality, difference marriage rules, etc. | ||
| band drinking because people were "enslaved to the demon rum" | ||
| institution where to isolate the mentally ill from society (criminals, orphans, sufferers). aka improvement facilities | ||
| public schools to give equal education to all to mold people of good character, prepare you for factory work, and equalize citizens | ||
| wanted overlapping sphere for men/women, wanted to VOTE | ||
| abolitionists from the south who were active in public sphere, and fought for women's rights (like suffrage) | ||
| N mexico is barren and mexicans want more occupancy to maximize profits --> move lots of americans to texas (rich land, fertile land, prime spot for cotton farming) --> mexicans start to loose control --> american violate mexican anti-slavery law --> mexico must impose a central army ans they storm the alamo (1836) --> mexican army defeated by Sam Houston and texas is declared a republic --> admitted to the union 1845 | ||
| from NY and IL, started after second great awakening and inspired to move b/c of westward expansion. joseph smith and brigham young. polygamy. young brings mormons to utah to be like the puritans' city on a hill | ||
| border dispute causes polk to put soldiers on questionable land and accuses mexicans of killing americans | ||
| a candidate who is unexpected | ||
| American president who come to office in 1844, was a dark horse candidate, and whose goals were to acquire TX, OR, and CA |