AP Gov Case Briefs
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| Supreme Court gained the power of judicial review. It was the first time the court openly declared Congress had committed an unconstitutional act. | ||
| Upheld the constitutionality of the National Bank and reaffirmed supremacy of federal government over state | ||
| Established exclusionary rule that evidence obtained illegally cannot used (federal government) | ||
| Established the exclusionary rule for the states | ||
| Expanded the 4th Amendment to include conversations | ||
| Established the good faith exeption to the exclusionary rule | ||
| Estalbished Terry pat down | ||
| School officials only need reasonable suspicion | ||
| 1. Said "executive privilege" is not absolute 2. One of the factors leading to resignition of Nixon | ||
| Anyone accused of a crime must be informed of their rights | ||
| Upheld the right to assemble even when onlookers become violent | ||
| A nondenominational prayer still violates the 14th Amendment | ||
| 1. Established Lemon Test 2. Public money could not go to private schools | ||
| If religious display is accompanied by secular decorations it is simply a holiday display | ||
| Unless there is a compelling reason, the state should allow people to practice their religion | ||
| Religious groups can use public facilities - not in violation of establishment caluse | ||
| Everyone has right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one. | ||
| When suspects asks for lawyer police must stop questions until lawyer comes | ||
| Government must provide claims of national secuirty before press can be restrained from publishing information | ||
| Laws banning abortion violate a woman's right to privacy | ||
| Right to a fair trial is more important than freedom of the press | ||
| Students do have the right to free speech as long as it does not disrupt the discipline of the learning | ||
| Flagburning is a protected form of free speech | ||
| During times of war, the President can suspend parts of the constitution | ||
| 1. Dred Scott was not a citizen so he could not sue in courts 2. Ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstritutional 3. One of the causes of the Civil War | ||
| Established the doctrine that segregation did not violate the 14th Amendment as long as they were equal facilities, "seperate but equal" | ||
| Seperate but equal is inherently unequal and it violates the 14th Amendment | ||
| 1. Quota system is unconstitutional 2. Upheld the constitutionality of affirmative action | ||
| Gender discrimination can violate the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment | ||
| Allowed federal government to intervene in state reapportionment cases | ||
| 1. Different standards for judging the vote within a state violates the equal protection clause 2. Voted to stop the recount giving Bush the presidency | ||
| An incidental public good is enough to use eminent domain | ||
| Laws banning doctor assisted suicide do not violate the 4th Amendment | ||
| Require school districts to teach non-english speakers English | ||
| Stopped the death penalty in the U.S. in 1972 | ||
| States were allowed to resume death penalty |