Chapters 17-18 Vocab. Flashcards

303615268	Enclosure Acts	Laws passed in England in the late 1700s to 1800s that converted public lands held in common into parcels of land to be sold to private owners. Farmers who had no lands of their own were parceled out for private ownership through a series of enclosure acts.	0
303615269	Cartel	An association of independent producers or businessmen whose aim is to control the supply of a particular commodity or group of commodities in order to regulate or push up prices. Well-known examples of cartels include the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), the Swiss banking cartel, and the International Tin Council. Cartels are particularly widespread in Japan and play a major role in many different industries there.	1
303615270	Proletariat	in Marxist theory, those who live soley by the sale of their labor. Marx believed that wealth is produced not so much by capitalists, who control the finances, but by the proletariat- the laborers- who do the actual physical work of production.	2
303615271	Garden City	A planned town combining work, residential, agricultural, and recreational facilities, and surrounded by a rural belt. The garden city concept of a core city ringed by separate suburbs, each set in a green belt, linked to one another by rapid transit, provided provocative, creative, somewhat utopian thinking for the new urban problems drowning the new century.	3