AP Bio Evolution
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| genetic drift that occurs when size of population is reduced as by natural disaster or humans. survivors no longer representative of the population | ||
| genetic drift that occurs when few individuals are isolated from larger population. form new population that is no longer representative of the population | ||
| transfer of alleles from 1 population to another resulting from movement of fertile individuals and their gametes. | ||
| change in the nucleotide sequence of an organisms DNA ultimately creating genetic diversity. | ||
| natural selection in which individuals at 1 end of the phenotypic range survive and reproduce more successfully than other individuals | ||
| type of evolution that simultaneously favors at both extremes of the distribution | ||
| natural selection in which intermediate phenotypes survive or reproduce more successfully than extreme phenotypes | ||
| marked differences between the secondary sex characteristics of males and females. | ||
| evolutionary change above species level including origin of a new group or a shift in broad pattern of change over long period of time. | ||
| an evolutionar process in which one species splits into two or more species | ||
| reproductive barrier that impedes mating between species or hinders fertilization if interspecific mating is attempted. | ||
| reproductive barrier that prevents hybrid zygotes produced by 2 different species from developing into viable, fertile adults | ||
| formation of a new species in populations taht are geographically isolated from one another | ||
| formation of new species in populations that live in the same geographic location | ||
| period of evolutionary change in which groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill vacant ecological roles | ||
| long periods of apparent statis in which species undergo little or no morphological change, interrupted by brief periods of sudden change | ||
| any of the master, regulatory genes that control placement and spatial organization of body parts by controlling developmental fate of groups of cells | ||
| a process in which organisms w/ certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce | ||
| the accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time | ||
| selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to encourage the occurence of desired characteristics | ||
| similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry | ||
| structures in different species that are similar because of same ancestry. same structure different function. | ||
| structure of marginal if any importance. historical remnants of structures that had important functions in ancestors | ||
| study of hte past and present distribution of species | ||
| study of genetic changes in populations. microevolutionary. | ||
| a localized group of individuals of the same species taht can interbreed, producing fertile offspring | ||
| population whose members can interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring but not w/ members of other such groups | ||
| all the alleles for all the loci in all the individuals in a population. | ||
| frequency of alleles and genotypes remain constant through generations. provided only mendellian segregation and recombination | ||
| evolutionary change below the species leve. change in the allele frequencies in a population over generations | ||
| chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies over gnerations. effects most pronounced in small populations |