Chapter 3 Flashcards
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| 272955902 | monsoons | could bring abundance or destruction. provided winds for trade | 0 | |
| 272955903 | aryan invaders | nomadic invaders who migrated into India around 1700 BCE | 1 | |
| 272955904 | vedic age | time period from 1500 - 1000 BCE | 2 | |
| 272955905 | vedas | 4 books. all written in sanskrit, describe the Aryans to us. describes the caste system | 3 | |
| 272955906 | aryans | who were warlike and conquered the Indus Valley cities around 1500 BCE? | 4 | |
| 272955907 | epic age | time period from 1000-600 BCE | 5 | |
| 272955908 | mahabharata | includes the Bhagavad Gita that talks about darma | 6 | |
| 272955909 | ramayana | very popular story in India. about Rama and his wife who are the best looking couple in India. the wife gets kidnapped by a demon so the husband saves her. (they represent the ideal) | 7 | |
| 272955910 | upanishads | mystical philosophical musings to the vedas | 8 | |
| 272955911 | aryan society | where did the caste system originate from? | 9 | |
| 272955912 | carmas | castes | 10 | |
| 272955913 | jati | sub-castes | 11 | |
| 272955914 | brahmins | priests, teachers "the head" (to think, speak, and are the mouthpieces for society) | 12 | |
| 272955917 | kshatriyas | warriors. "the arms" (fighting, they are strength) | 13 | |
| 272955920 | vaisyas | the business people, merchants, artisans, farmers. "the legs" (represent movement, strength, travel, and heavy lifting) | 14 | |
| 272955922 | sudras | conquered people. had to do "unskilled" labor and served the upper classes. are "the feet" (to serve castes above them) | 15 | |
| 272955924 | untouchables | dirty, spiritually impure. not part of the first being. considered to be the dirt beneath the feet (have no caste protection) | 16 | |
| 272955926 | vedic hymn | what is the caste system based on? | 17 | |
| 272955928 | laws of manu | laws that come "from Brahman" through manu (the first human ever created). these laws are divine and are the expectations for every caste. | 18 | |
| 272955930 | flexible | is Hinduism flexible or unflexible? | 19 | |
| 272955932 | brahman | as close as you will ever get to the Christian concept of God. the universal soul, eternal being, the universal goal with all Hindus = union with _______ | 20 | |
| 272955934 | atman | your individual soul. what is continually reincarnated, wants to reunite with Brahman. never dies / eternal. | 21 | |
| 272955936 | moksha | the liberation from reincarnation. the idea that you wont be reincarnated any more. once you achieve this you rejoin Brahman | 22 | |
| 272955938 | guru | a teacher. someone who would work with the Hindus to try to understand the idea of Brahman. | 23 | |
| 272955939 | reincarnation | a key idea in Hinduism (samsara). an endless cycle until you achieve moksha. no accident. depends on your karma | 24 | |
| 272955941 | karma | what reincarnation is based off of. good=good reincarnation. bad=bad reincarnation | 25 | |
| 272955943 | dharma | your spiritual and moral obligations dictated by the laws of manu. | 26 | |
| 272955945 | yoga | one of the practices of Hinduism and buddhism. physical and mental exercises meant to clear your mind and meditate the concept of Brahman | 27 | |
| 272955947 | buddhism | reaction to hinduism. grew out of the hindu religion but rejects elements of it (such as the caste system) | 28 | |
| 272955949 | Siddhartha Guatama | founder of Buddhism. was a Hindu Prince. rejects the gods and rituals and ceremonies of Hinduism. was a kshatrian. | 29 | |
| 272955951 | buddha | "the enlightened one" who was never meant to be worshipped. was simply a man who wanted to teach people his way of life | 30 | |
| 272955953 | 4 noble truths | there is suffering in the world. suffering is caused by selfish desires. suffering can be removed if we do away with our selfish desires. the way to overcome selfish desires is to follow the Eightfold path or Middle Way between a devoted to pleasure and one of self-denial | 31 | |
| 272955955 | nirvana | the ultimate reality. end of the self and union with brahman. (Buddhism) | 32 | |
| 272955957 | theravada | most original form of Buddhism. the philosphy about the individual journey of self discovery. appeals more to the wealthy upper class people | 33 | |
| 272955959 | mahayana | form of Buddhism that develops as a religion. adopt rituals and worship buddha as a god. | 34 | |
| 272955961 | maurya dynasty | first time people in India united by one leader. | 35 | |
| 272955962 | chandragupta | family who ruled for 150 years. founded the Maurya dynasty. military leader. brings most subcontinent under control. always worried about assassination | 36 | |
| 272955963 | ashoka | chandragupta's grandson. converts into a buddhist (the only buddhist king) built pillars, stupas, and rock chambers | 37 | |
| 272955964 | gupta dynasty | had lots of money, mercantile activity, and is after the fall of China. where laws of manu were actually written down. caste system strengthens | 38 | |
| 274349679 | china | created a more cohesive and lasting political system. invented the convept of zero | 39 | |
| 274349681 | india | created a social system considerably more rigid and less flexible than all other civilizations of the time. emphasized trade and merchant activity more and therefore exported more ideas and cultural influence | 40 | |
| 274349683 | kamasutra | book or manual that discussed the relationship between men and women | 41 |