AP Human Geography chapter 1 vocab

47408175	map	a two-dimensional or flat scale model of Earth's surface, or a portion of it
47408176	place	a specific point of Earth distinguished by a particular character
47408177	region	an area of Earth distinguished by a distinctive combination of cultural and physical features
47408178	scale	the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole
47408179	space	refers to the physical gap or interval between two objects
47408180	connections	relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
47408181	cartography	the science of map-making
47408182	projection	the scientific method of transferring locations on Earth's surface to a flat map
47408183	Land Ordinance of 1785	a law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers
47408184	township	a square 6 miles on each side
47408185	principal meridians	some of the north-south lines separating townships
47408186	base lines	some east-west lines
47408187	section	a square normally 1 mile on a side
47408188	GIS (geographic information system)	a computer system that can capture, store, query, analyze and display geographic data
47408189	remote sensing	the acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting Earth or from other long-distance methods
47408190	GPS (global positioning system)	a system that determines accurately the precise position of something on Earth
47408191	location	the position that something occupies on Earth's surface
47408192	toponym	the name given to a place on Earth
47408193	site	the physical character of a place
47408194	situation	the location of a place relative to other places
47408195	meridian	an arc drawn between the North and South poles
47408196	parallel	a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
47408197	longitude	the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian
47408198	prime meridian	the meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England, is 0 degrees longitude
47408199	latitude	the numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel
47408200	Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)	the time in that time zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0 degrees longitude
47408201	International Date Line	an arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas
47408202	cultural landscape	a combination of cultural features, economic features, and physical features
47408203	regional studies	contemporary cultural landscape approach in geography
47408204	formal region	an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
47408205	functional region	an area organized around a node or focal point
47408206	vernacular region	a place that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity
47408207	mental map	an internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface
47408208	culture	the body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people
47408209	cultural ecology	the geographic study of human-environment relationships
47408210	environmental determinism	an approach on how the physical environment caused social development
47408211	possibilism	the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
47408212	resources	substances that are useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use
47408213	polder	a piece of land that is created by draining water from any area
47408214	globalization	a force of process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope
47408215	distribution	the arrangement of a feature in space
47408216	density	the frequency with which something occurs in space
47408217	arithmetic density	the total number of objects in an area
47408218	physiological density	the number of persons per unit of area suitable for agriculture
47408219	agricultural density	the number of farmers per unit of farmland
47408220	concentration	the extent of a feature's spread over space
47408221	pattern	the geometric arrangement of objects in space
47408222	space-time compression	a term applied by geographers to describe the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place
47408223	distance decay	the diminishing in importance and eventual disappearence of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
47408224	diffusion	the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time
47408225	hearth	the place from which an innovation originates
47408226	relocation diffusion	the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another
47408227	expansion diffusion	the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process
47408228	hierarchical diffusion	the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places
47408229	contagious diffusion	the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population
47408230	stimulus diffusion	the spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse
47408231	uneven development	the increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from globalization of the economy
47408232	transnational corporation	conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries