AP Euro Flashcards

106275646	structured	the old regime was very _______ with everybody in particular groups like the church nobles and third estate (everybody else) and each get rights based on those groups	0
106275647	aristocrats	these people get the privileges by birth to be in the house of lords, inherit estates, money etc.	1
106275648	taille	land tax that peasants must pay	2
106275649	corvee	forced labor from local lord (feudal due in addition to all their other payments)	3
106275650	sword	nobles of the _____ have privliges based on the feudal arrangement as the protector (knight)	4
106275651	robe	nobles of the ____ are more recent nobles who get their titles because the king appoints them	5
106275652	seigneur	lord in french	6
106275653	robot	service required of serfs	7
106275654	serfs	_____ had the least amount of rights closer to the east (russia) where they were tied to the noble not the land and their rights decreased	8
106275655	pugachev's rebellion	rebellion that promised serfs freedom but catherine violently suppressed it so that the nobles would support her and then the serf's were even worse off	9
106275656	family economy	the basic structure of production and consumption in preindustrial europe (everybody worked)	10
106275657	northwestern	families need to establish independence before marriage so they marry later and have a smaller family (more people in trade)	11
106275658	eastern	families that live together and marry early and live together and have closer families	12
106275659	dowry	property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage	13
106275660	children	many _____ died or put in a foundling hospital or given to wet nurses	14
106275661	atlantic	opening of the _____ lead to better ships and trade in america and asia and africa which led to the rise in trade	15
106275662	commercial revolution	term of econ changes in the 15th through 17th centuries (rise in trade)	16
106275663	domestic system	produce items by households instead of through towns with their guild restrictions so certian people would own materials (merchants) and other people would work to produce them	17
106275664	commercial capitalists	merchants with money produce joint-stock companies (or invest)/ new industries trying to develop more or newer or cheaper products (ships or silk --> produced in mass ammounts	18
106275665	interest	banks charge _____on loans and then pay ____to people putting money in the bank	19
106275666	joint-stock	a company that people invested in to make money	20
106275667	slave trade	trade slaves for products in africa	21
106275668	triangle trade	trade across the atlantic (dominated by euro) that traded materials from america (sugar etc) to euro who made products to trade with africa who sent slaves to america	22
106275669	plantation system	The economic system stretching between Chesapeake Bay and Brazil that produced crops, especially sugar, cotton, and tobacco, using slave labor on large estates	23
106275670	kant	german philosopher who thought women should dare the think and we should step outside previously held truths and learn the truth for ourselves.	24
106275671	experiences	kant thinks that this shapes reality so truth and reality are different for everybody and it is imposible to know actual truth	25
106275672	universal	acording to kant some ___ truths can be reasoned if everybody can do it and it still works (therefore it is right)	26
106275673	newton	suggests the universe is mechanistic (operates like a machine) and you can understand the principals according to basic math	27
106275674	Locke	suggests progress is from experience and every human is born with a tabula rasta so people can create a better society with good experience and everybody is equal	28
106275675	public opinion	people start to create opinions after the print culture emerges	29
106275676	philosophes	writers/critics/reformers	30
106275677	voltaire	the leading philosophe who thought that said "crush the infamous thing"	31
106275678	deism	religion -- universe is a clock and god is the divine watchmaker who doesn;t make the clock turn he just sets it up (rejected major religious beliefs that god was a part of the world with miracles and listening to prayers etc	32
106275679	locke	wrote letter concerning toleration to advise religious tolerance	33
106275680	hume	wrote of miracles (rejecting miracles)	34
106275681	spinoza	god is the only thing in the world that exists	35
106275682	spinoza	wrote ethics (pantheism) which talks about no outside forces and rejects major jew practices	36
106275683	mendelssohn	tries to reconcile enlightenment with jews (relig tolerance so they can practice freely because they aren't a threat to the govt)	37
106275684	encyclopedia	goal of book was to collect knowledge so that it was accessible to everybody (diderot was main person)	38
106275685	beccaria	wrote on crimes and punishment (punishment should be proportional to the crime i.e. sent to prison to rehabilitate them because humans can learn to be good)	39
106275686	beccaria	thought that criminal punishment should be reformed because rejected violence and war	40
106275687	physiocrats	in france the govt financial advisers who thought that reducing limits on people will make them more prosperous (guild restrictions and tarrifs)	41
106275688	adam smith	said let people do what they want and the govt should stay out of the econ	42
106275689	let them do as they please	laissez faire	43
106275690	adam smith	wrote on the wealth of nations (rights of people being proclaimed and talked about supply and demand)	44
106275691	montesquieu	govt should be limited (he was against absolutism)	45
106275692	on the spirit of laws	montesqeieu's book that talked about 3 branches of govt the leg exec and jud to protect against tyranny	46
106275693	rousseau	thought that women are weaker and "all men are born free but everywhere they are in chains"	47
106275694	emile	women belong in the house because they are weaker (the name for rousseau's phil. on women)	48
106275695	Rousseau	wrote on the origin of inequality which said that the first govt happened when some people stood up and put limits on everybody else (rejects civ --> should go back to nature but then there would be chaos so there has to be a balence b/w indiv rights and needs on community	49
106275696	rousseau	wrote the the social contract (man agrees to follow the general will which is what is best for people = max freedom)	50
106275697	mary wollstonecraft	wrote vindication on the rights of women (women should be able to participate in society too)	51
106275698	war of jenkins's ear	england vs spain (right before the war of Aust Succession)	52
106275699	diplomatic revolution	France and Austria became allies because they decided that prussia was the greatest threat to the balance of power	53
106275700	peace of aix-la-chapelle	the treaty after the war of aust succession that put everything back to the status quo except that prussia got silesia	54
106275701	war of austrian succession	prussia invades austria (maria theressa) and takes silesia --> britain and austria vs france and prussia	55
106275702	7 years war	diplomatic revolution = so that britain and prussia vs france and austria	56
106275703	peace of paris	1783 war overseas --> major victory for britian = dominant naval power so they kicked out the french from N America (they get everything E of Mississippi river)	57
106278834	treaty of paris	treaty in 1763 reaty after the 7 years war that declared prussia and britain the winners	58